{"id":7311,"date":"2025-04-10T21:51:20","date_gmt":"2025-04-10T13:51:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/?p=7311"},"modified":"2025-04-09T22:08:22","modified_gmt":"2025-04-09T14:08:22","slug":"boring-machining-optimize-tools-precision-cost-tips","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/boring-machining-optimize-tools-precision-cost-tips\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644: \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0647\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0628 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631<\/strong>: \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064f\u0651\u063a\u0652\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/strong>: \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0630 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0623\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/deflection\">\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:1\"><a href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\">1<\/a><\/sup> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u062a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0649<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u062a\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/ptsmake2025.04.09-1334Precision-CNC-Machining-Process.webp\" alt=\"\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646\u062c CNC\"><figcaption>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646\u062c CNC<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0622\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627 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\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0635\u0629<\/strong>: \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0635 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u00b1 0.0001 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/strong>: \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 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href=\"https:\/\/www.gdandtbasics.com\/concentricity\/\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:2\"><a href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\">2<\/a><\/sup> \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u00b1 0.0005 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 - \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/h4>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645 Ra (\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0645 Ra \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/th>\n<th>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Ra \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 (\u03bcin)<\/th>\n<th>\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>63-125<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<td>16-32<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>4-16<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644<\/strong>: \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 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\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/strong> - \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0628<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/strong> - \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629<\/strong> - \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0623\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062c\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 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\u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 6:1 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u0636\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 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\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d<\/strong> \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> - \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 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(\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633)<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 (HSS)<\/td>\n<td>\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 (\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a)<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0635\u0644\u0628 (\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0644)<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u060c CBN\u060c \u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643<\/td>\n<td>\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 (\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0644\u064e\u0651\u062f)<\/td>\n<td>PCBN\u060c PCD<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f 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\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062c\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644 (5-15 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/strong>: \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 (\u0645\u0646 0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 -5\u00b0)<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f PTSMAKE\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0637\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>TiN (\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TiCN (\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 TiN<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TiAlN\/AlTiN<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0649<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633 (PCD)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u0627\u0643\u0648\u00ae<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0623\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a PCD \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (15-20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 (300-1000 \u0645\/\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629)<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u062d\u0630 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0629 \u0628 TiAlN<\/li>\n<li>\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629 (5-10 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a)<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 (100-300 \u0645\/\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0629 \u0628 AlTiN<\/li>\n<li>\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 (5-15 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0644 (60-150 \u0645\/\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629)<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 (&gt;45 HRC)<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a CBN \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 (0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 -5\u00b0)<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u062f \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627\u061f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 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\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628. \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0634 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628<\/li>\n<li>\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 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\u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0649. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0641\u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 (Vc)<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644  <\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 (\u0648)<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629  <\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 (ap)<\/strong>: \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629  <\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/strong>: \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0631 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Calibration\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:10\"><a href=\"#fn:10\" class=\"footnote-ref\">10<\/a><\/sup> \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0649.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0629 (\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 200 HB)<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 (300-1000 \u0645\/\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645)  <\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 (0.1-0.3 \u0645\u0645\/\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646)  <\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 (\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 5 \u0645\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>HSS<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\/\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0628<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>TiAlN<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u062d\u0630 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PCD<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0628<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 (200-400 HB)<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f. \u062a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0623\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629 (100-250 \u0645\/\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629)  <\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 (0.05-0.15 \u0645\u0645\/\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646)  <\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 (0.5-2 \u0645\u0645)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>AlTiN\/TiCN<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u062d\u0630 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u062a<\/td>\n<td>TiN<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u062d\u0630 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CBN<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u062d\u0630 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0630\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 (&gt; 400 HB)<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0640<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 (30-100 \u0645\/\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629)  <\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 (0.02-0.07 \u0645\u0645\/\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646)  <\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 (0.1-0.5 \u0645\u0645)  <\/li>\n<li>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062a\u064a \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>AlTiCrN \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u062d\u0630 \u0642\u0648\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CBN<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0637\u0648\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a: \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p>Vc = Vc\u2080 \u00d7 (H\u2098\u2090\u2093 \u00f7 H\u2090)^n<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u064a\u0646:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vc = \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629  <\/li>\n<li>Vc\u2080 = \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629  <\/li>\n<li>H\u2098\u2090\u2093 = Reference hardness  <\/li>\n<li>H\u0640 = \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629  <\/li>\n<li>n = \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b 0.3-0.7)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627  <\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a  <\/li>\n<li>\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d  <\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0629 (58-62 HRC) \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 (25-30 HRC). \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 43% \u0648\u0642\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<div class=\"footnotes\">\n<hr \/>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn:1\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0643.<a href=\"#fnref1:1\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:2\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:2\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:3\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641.<a href=\"#fnref1:3\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:4\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:4\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:5\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628.<a href=\"#fnref1:5\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:6\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a.<a href=\"#fnref1:6\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:7\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642.<a href=\"#fnref1:7\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:8\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 30%.<a href=\"#fnref1:8\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:9\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:9\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:10\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639.<a href=\"#fnref1:10\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ever tried to drill a perfectly straight hole through metal, only to find it&#8217;s slightly off-center or not perfectly round? In precision manufacturing, even tiny inaccuracies can cause entire assemblies to fail, resulting in costly rework or scrapped parts. Boring machining is a precision metalworking process that enlarges and finishes existing holes to achieve greater [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7322,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Boring Machining: Optimize Tools, Precision & Cost Tips","_seopress_titles_desc":"Discover boring machining essentials: optimize tools and precision while reducing costs. Perfect for enhancing accuracy in aerospace and automotive.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7311","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cnc-machining"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7311","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7311"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7311\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7359,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7311\/revisions\/7359"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7322"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7311"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7311"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7311"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}