{"id":7237,"date":"2025-04-09T23:23:58","date_gmt":"2025-04-09T15:23:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/?p=7237"},"modified":"2025-04-08T23:25:54","modified_gmt":"2025-04-08T15:25:54","slug":"brass-machining-mastery-10-expert-tactics-for-precision-cost-savings","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/brass-machining-mastery-10-expert-tactics-for-precision-cost-savings\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631: 10 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0649 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\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 100. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 100\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 80-100 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 300. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643<\/strong>: \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647\u064d \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0645\u062b\u0644 C360 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 35% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/strong>: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lie-nielsen.com\/nodes\/4201\/lie-nielsen-chipbreakers\">\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:2\"><a href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\">1<\/a><\/sup> \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629<\/strong>: \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>C360 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631)<\/td>\n<td>100-300<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C260 (\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0634\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 C260)<\/td>\n<td>80-90<\/td>\n<td>70% \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u060c 30% \u0632\u0646\u0643\u060c \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C330 (\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631)<\/td>\n<td>70-80<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C385 (\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a)<\/td>\n<td>90-100<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639. \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627-\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 15 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/h4>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th>\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 (C360)<\/td>\n<td>100-300<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 6061<\/td>\n<td>150-180<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631<\/td>\n<td>100 (\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 304<\/td>\n<td>45-50<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>15-20<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 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\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>30-40% \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 (\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 2-3 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623)<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/strong>: \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0629<\/strong>: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/ptsmake2025.04.08-0913CNC-Milling-Process.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 CNC \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\"><figcaption>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 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\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/ptsmake2025.04.08-0917Brass-CNC-Machined-Parts.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631<\/th>\n<th>\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 (HSS)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Built_up_edge\">\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:4\"><a href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\">3<\/a><\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0641\u0629<\/strong>: \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 0-15 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0627\u062b\u0629<\/strong>: 10-15 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641<\/strong>: \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 (0.4 - 0.8 \u0645\u0645) \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0634\u064a\u0646: 300-600 SFM (\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629)<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628: 600-1,000 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0636\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629: 0.005-0.010 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629: 0.002-0.004 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629: 0.0005-0.001 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064f\u0651\u063a\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0634\u064a\u0646: 0.040-0.120 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628: 0.010-0.030 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628: 0.002 - 0.010 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646<\/strong>: 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\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0630\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631. \u0647\u0630\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thermochromism\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:5\"><a href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\">4<\/a><\/sup> \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/h4>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 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href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/stratification-geology\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:6\"><a href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0637\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0627\u062a (CMM)<\/strong>: \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 CMM \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/strong>: \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/strong>: \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 - \u0641\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u063a\u0641\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f. \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0632\u0645\u0648\u062a<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0632\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0645\u062b\u0644 EnviroBrass (C89520) \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0632\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chip_formation\">\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:1\"><a href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\">6<\/a><\/sup> \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a (1-100)<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 (\u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>C360 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631)<\/td>\n<td>90-100<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>310-380<\/td>\n<td>~3%<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C46400 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>70-80<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td>380-450<\/td>\n<td>&lt;0.1%<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C38500 (\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a)<\/td>\n<td>85-95<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>330-400<\/td>\n<td>~3%<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C87850 (\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646)<\/td>\n<td>80-85<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td>380-450<\/td>\n<td>0%<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C89520 (\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062b)<\/td>\n<td>85-90<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>320-380<\/td>\n<td>0%<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 40%) \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0647\u0634\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635<\/strong>: \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0632\u0645\u0648\u062a<\/strong>: \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646<\/strong>: \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d<\/strong>: \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f 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\u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a\u064f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646. \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 C360) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lie-nielsen.com\/nodes\/4201\/lie-nielsen-chipbreakers\">\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:7\"><a href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\">7<\/a><\/sup> \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639: 400-600 SFM (\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629)<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 0.004-0.007 IPR (\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 (\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639: 300-450 \u0633\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629: 0.003 - 0.005 ipr<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/th>\n<th>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 (SFM)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>C260 (\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0634\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 C260)<\/td>\n<td>70% \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u060c 30% \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643<\/td>\n<td>300-450<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C360 (\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0631)<\/td>\n<td>61.51.5% \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u060c 35.5% \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643\u060c 3% \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635<\/td>\n<td>400-600<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C385 (\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a)<\/td>\n<td>60% Cu\u060c 35% Zn\u060c 3% Pb\u060c 2% Al<\/td>\n<td>350-500<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C464 (\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a)<\/td>\n<td>60% Cu, 39% Zn, 1% Sn<\/td>\n<td>250-350<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C510 (\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632\u064a)<\/td>\n<td>95% Cu\u060c 5% Sn\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0631 P<\/td>\n<td>200-300<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0634\u064a\u0646<\/h4>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 0.005-0.010 IPR \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 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\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0648\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 15-20% \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 - \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f - \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 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src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/ptsmake2025.04.08-2102Precision-CNC-Machining-Process.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f 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\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>C260 (\u062e\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0634\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 C260)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C360 (\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0631)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637-\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C385 (\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a)<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C230 (\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631)<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0630\u0627\u0628<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C280 (\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644)<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f 30-50% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 15% \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u00b1 0.005\") \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 (\u00b1 0.001\") \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 15-25%<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 (\u00b1 0.0005\" \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 40-60%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0623\u0646\u0635\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/counselorssoapbox.com\/2014\/08\/13\/what-is-selective-tolerance\/\">\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:8\"><a href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\">8<\/a><\/sup> \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 20-30% \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1-10 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 (\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>11-100 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>15-25% \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 15-25%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>101-1000 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>30-45% \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 30-45%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1,001-10,000 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>45-60% \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 45-60%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 10,000 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>60-75% \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 60-75%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646. \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. 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\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u00b1 0.005 \u0645\u0645.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/ptsmake2025.04.08-0933Brass-CNC-Machined-Parts.webp\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0627\u0628. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f. \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thermal_expansion\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:9\"><a href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\">9<\/a><\/sup> \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>C360 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631)<\/td>\n<td>61.5% \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u060c 3% \u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c 35.5% \u0632\u0646\u0643<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C272 (\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631)<\/td>\n<td>65% \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u060c 35% \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643<\/td>\n<td>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062c\u064a\u062f\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C385 (\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a)<\/td>\n<td>60% Cu, 39% Zn, 1% Sn<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Built_up_edge\">\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:10\"><a href=\"#fn:10\" class=\"footnote-ref\">10<\/a><\/sup> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 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\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:10\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ever struggled to find the perfect metal for your precision components? Many engineers waste valuable time and resources testing materials that ultimately fail to deliver the right balance of machinability, durability, and cost-effectiveness. The search for an ideal metal solution can be frustrating and expensive. Brass machining is a manufacturing process that shapes brass alloys [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7280,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Brass Machining Mastery: 10 Expert Tactics for Precision & Cost Savings","_seopress_titles_desc":"Discover 10 expert brass machining tactics for precision and cost savings. Perfect balance of machinability and durability for your projects.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7237","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cnc-machining"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7237","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7237"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7237\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7289,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7237\/revisions\/7289"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7280"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7237"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7237"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7237"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}