{"id":7042,"date":"2025-04-07T20:18:58","date_gmt":"2025-04-07T12:18:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/?p=7042"},"modified":"2025-04-06T18:31:03","modified_gmt":"2025-04-06T10:31:03","slug":"discover-455-stainless-steel-strong-corrosion-resistant","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/discover-455-stainless-steel-strong-corrosion-resistant\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 455: \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 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alt=\"455 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 455\"><figcaption>455 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 455 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Precipitation_hardening\">\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:1\"><a href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\">1<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a 455 \u0648465 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631<\/th>\n<th>455 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 455 (%)<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 465 (%)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>11.0-12.5<\/td>\n<td>11.0-12.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td>7.5-9.5<\/td>\n<td>10.8-11.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>0.8-1.4<\/td>\n<td>1.5-1.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>0.5 \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/td>\n<td>0.75-1.25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td>1.5-2.5<\/td>\n<td>0.5 \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645 (\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645)<\/td>\n<td>0.10-0.50<\/td>\n<td>0.30-0.60<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n<td>0.05 \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/td>\n<td>0.02 \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a Custom 465 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 Custom 465 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0640 Custom 455:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 455<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 465<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649<\/td>\n<td>180-200 \u0643\u0633\u064a (1241-1379 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)<\/td>\n<td>220-240 \u0643\u0633\u064a (1517-1655 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f<\/td>\n<td>150-175 \u0643\u0633\u064a (1034-1207 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)<\/td>\n<td>200-210 \u0643\u0633\u064a (1379-1448 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 (\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0644 C)<\/td>\n<td>40-47 \u0645\u0646 40-47 HRC<\/td>\n<td>48-52 \u0645\u0646 48-52 HRC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0627 Custom 465 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Custom 465 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 Custom 465 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 Custom 455 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 455: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 10-12%<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 465: \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 8-10% 8-10%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 Custom 465 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 Custom 455 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 455: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 465: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 465 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 455 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/h4>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 455 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 465:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 455<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 465<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639<\/td>\n<td>90-120 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639<\/td>\n<td>70-100 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0640 455 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (%)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>11.0-12.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td>7.5-9.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td>1.5-2.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645 (\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645)<\/td>\n<td>0.10-0.50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>0.50 \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n<td>0.05 \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n<td>0.50 \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0632<\/td>\n<td>0.50 \u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 455 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0631 455 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u062f \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 (\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 200 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 1379 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a 455 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644 455 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 1900 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a (1038 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629) \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 900 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a (482 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 4 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/precipitate\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:2\"><a href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\">2<\/a><\/sup> \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 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\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639<\/h4>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 455 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a 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6-10%.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 Custom 455 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f 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\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 20-30 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627-\u0631\u0637\u0644 (27-41 J) \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 Custom 455 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/ctherm.com\/resources\/newsroom\/blog\/coefficient-of-thermal-expansion\/\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 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\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 (280 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644) \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 455<\/h3>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641 455 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u062d\u062a\u0649 1930 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u062d\u062a\u0649 1795 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td>44-47 \u0645\u0646 44-47 HRC<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 Custom 455 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 455 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 455<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 Custom 455 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<h4>17-4 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a 17-4 (AISI 630)<\/h4>\n<p>\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 17-4 PH \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 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\u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/engineering\/microstructure-development\">\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:5\"><a href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\">4<\/a><\/sup> \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 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\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 Custom 455:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637<\/li>\n<li>\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 455 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0640 20-30% \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a 455 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1930 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645)<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u062f\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Precipitation_hardening\">\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:7\"><a href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\">6<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a 455 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f (\u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/th>\n<th>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/th>\n<th>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 455<\/td>\n<td>1790-1930<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td>1.8x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>17-4 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a<\/td>\n<td>1310-1450<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>1.5x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>A286<\/td>\n<td>960-1100<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td>2.0x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ti-6Al-4V<\/td>\n<td>900-1160<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>3.5x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a) \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e\u0648\u062e\u0629 (\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628)<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 900-1100 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a (480-595 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 1-4 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649<\/th>\n<th>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0644\u062f\u0646<\/td>\n<td>130-150 \u0643\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>75-95 \u0643\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>10-14%<\/td>\n<td>28-32 \u0645\u0646 28-32 HRC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H900 (\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 900 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a)<\/td>\n<td>220-240 \u0643\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>205-220 \u0643\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>6-10%<\/td>\n<td>44-48 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0645\u0646 44-48 \u0631\u0637\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H950 (\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 950 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a)<\/td>\n<td>200-220 \u0643\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>185-205 \u0643\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>8-12%<\/td>\n<td>42-46 \u0645\u0646 42-46 HRC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H1000 (\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 1000 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a)<\/td>\n<td>180-200 \u0643\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>170-190 \u0643\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>10-14%<\/td>\n<td>38-42 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 38-42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/precipitate\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:8\"><a href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\">7<\/a><\/sup> \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/h4>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a Custom 455. \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 455 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0633\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<h4>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 H900. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0641\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a H950 \u0623\u0648 H1000 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 455 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 H1000 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628 H900 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 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\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 Custom 455 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0636\u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641 455<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641 455:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e\u0648\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 455 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 455 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062f\u0646<\/td>\n<td>1.5 \u2013 2.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H900 (\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f 900 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a)<\/td>\n<td>3.0 \u2013 5.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H1000 (\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f 1000 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a)<\/td>\n<td>2.0 \u2013 4.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H1100 (\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f 1100 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a)<\/td>\n<td>1.8 \u2013 3.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 455 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 Custom 455 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crystal_structure\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:3\"><a href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\">8<\/a><\/sup>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 300)<\/strong>: \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 (\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 1.0)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a (\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 400)<\/strong>: \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u062a\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 400)<\/strong>: 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\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\"><figcaption>\u062c\u0632\u0621 455 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 455 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0645\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 455 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 455 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 (PH) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 455 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 455 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 30-35 HRC\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td>7.5-9.5%<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td>1.5-2.5%<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>0.1-0.5%<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>0.8-1.4%<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 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PTSMAKE\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 Custom 455 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0640:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 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\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a 455 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 Custom 455 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628)<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0646\u062c\u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a 455 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<div class=\"footnotes\">\n<hr \/>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn:1\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 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class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:8\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<a href=\"#fnref1:8\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:3\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644.<a href=\"#fnref1:3\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:9\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0639 Custom 455.<a href=\"#fnref1:9\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:10\">\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<a href=\"#fnref1:10\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Are you struggling to find the right material for your high-stress components? Many engineers face failures with standard alloys when applications demand exceptional strength combined with corrosion resistance. Critical aerospace and medical applications can&#8217;t afford material compromises. 455 stainless steel is a precipitation-hardening martensitic stainless steel known for its ultra-high strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7097,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Discover 455 Stainless Steel: Strong & Corrosion Resistant","_seopress_titles_desc":"Explore 455 stainless steel's unmatched strength and corrosion resistance for aerospace and medical components. Discover if it's right for your project.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7042","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cnc-machining"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7042","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7042"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7042\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7101,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7042\/revisions\/7101"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7097"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7042"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7042"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7042"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}