{"id":5273,"date":"2025-03-06T20:28:37","date_gmt":"2025-03-06T12:28:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/?p=5273"},"modified":"2025-05-01T10:14:48","modified_gmt":"2025-05-01T02:14:48","slug":"does-galvanized-mean-it-wont-rust","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/does-galvanized-mean-it-wont-rust\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629: \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\u061f \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0637\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ptsmake2025.03.01-1031Comparison-Of-Metal-Plates.webp\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623\"><figcaption>\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0631\u0623\u064a\u062a \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064b\u0627\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u061f \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u063a\u0641\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/ptsmake2025.02.28-2243Rolled-Steel-Coils.webp\" alt=\"\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\"><figcaption>\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0641\u0644\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u063a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 450 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 (842 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a).<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/chem.libretexts.org\/Bookshelves\/General_Chemistry\/Book%3A_General_Chemistry%3A_Principles_Patterns_and_Applications_(Averill)\/22%3A_The_d-Block_Elements\/22.03%3A_Metallurgy\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:1\"><a href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\">1<\/a><\/sup> \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u062a\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u062a\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 Eta Layer: \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 50 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 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\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648<\/li>\n<li>\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 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\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0628\u0637\u0626 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/ptsmake2025.02.28-2246Galvanized-Steel-Sheets.webp\" alt=\"\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639\"><figcaption>\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643. \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u060c \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/galvanizeit.org\/hot-dip-galvanized-steel-for-parking-structures\/hot-dip-galvanizing\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:2\"><a href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\">2<\/a><\/sup>\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628. 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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>10-15 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637-\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td>15-20 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td>20-25 \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 25 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064f\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 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\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u062d \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\u061f \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0637\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u0628\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/ptsmake2025.02.28-2249Galvanized-Metal-Roof.webp\" alt=\"\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/h4>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>1.5-2 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 1.5-2 \u0645\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/td>\n<td>20-30% \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 20-30%<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.galvinfo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/05\/GalvInfoNote_2_6.pdf\">\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:3\"><a href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\">3<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d 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\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 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src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/ptsmake2025.03.01-1036Offshore-Oil-Rig-Structure.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\"><figcaption>\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0013468616318989\">\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:4\"><a href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\">4<\/a><\/sup> \u0648\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 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\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a 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\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639\"><figcaption>\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 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href=\"https:\/\/www.precisionmicro.com\/chemical-etching-a-step-by-step-guide\/\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:5\"><a href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\">5<\/a><\/sup>: \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621. 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/h4>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/th>\n<th>\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>HVLP (\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 (HVLP))<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629:<\/p>\n<h4>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0641\u064a\u0641<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>350-400\u00b0F<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646 10 \u0625\u0644\u0649 15 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645<\/td>\n<td>2-3 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>40-90 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641<\/h4>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th>\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th>\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<h4>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647. 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\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/h3>\n<h4>\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646. \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0646 304 \u0648316 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Passivation_(chemistry)\">\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:6\"><a href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\">6<\/a><\/sup> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/th>\n<th>\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>304<\/td>\n<td>18-20%<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>316<\/td>\n<td>16-18%<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>430<\/td>\n<td>16-18%<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 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\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ASTM A123 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646<\/li>\n<li>ASTM B633 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 ASTM B633<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 ISO 1461 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646<\/li>\n<li>ISO 2081 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646: \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 50 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b: 10-20 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"footnotes\">\n<hr \/>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn:1\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646.<a href=\"#fnref1:1\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:2\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:2\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:3\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c.<a href=\"#fnref1:3\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:4\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:4\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:5\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621.<a href=\"#fnref1:5\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:6\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0647\u0627.<a href=\"#fnref1:6\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:9\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<a href=\"#fnref1:9\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:10\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<a href=\"#fnref1:10\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Have you ever purchased galvanized metal parts only to find rust spots appearing months later? It&#8217;s frustrating when you invest in what you thought was rust-proof material, yet still face corrosion issues. This can lead to costly replacements and potential project delays. While galvanized metal is highly resistant to rust, it&#8217;s not completely rust-proof. The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5276,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Galvanized Metal: Understanding Rust Resistance Limits","_seopress_titles_desc":"Learn why galvanized metal can still rust, despite its protective zinc coating. Discover its benefits, limitations, and applications for enhanced durability.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5273","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-surface-finishes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5273","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5273"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5273\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7468,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5273\/revisions\/7468"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5276"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5273"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5273"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5273"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}