{"id":5165,"date":"2025-03-02T20:32:46","date_gmt":"2025-03-02T12:32:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/?p=5165"},"modified":"2025-05-01T10:14:49","modified_gmt":"2025-05-01T02:14:49","slug":"what-is-an-interference-fit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/what-is-an-interference-fit\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0643 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u061f \u0644\u0642\u062f 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alt=\"\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0649<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u061f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628. \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/ptsmake2025.02.28-0010Interference-Fit-Assembly.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0622\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 <a href=\"https:\/\/reboundrehab.com\/physical-therapy-treatments\/radial-pressure-wave-therapy\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:2\"><a href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\">2<\/a><\/sup> \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a)<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a)<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 = \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f - \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f<\/td>\n<td>Dmax<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/td>\n<td>Imax = Dmax - dmin<\/td>\n<td>Imin = Dmin - dmax<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\u0394D = D \u00d7 D \u00d7 \u03b1 \u00d7 \u0394T<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0623\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0394\u062f = \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631<\/li>\n<li>D = \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u03b1 = \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0394T = \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h4>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a (\u0645\u0645\/\u0645\u0645)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/td>\n<td>0.0001 - 0.0003<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td>0.0003 - 0.0005<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<td>0.0005 - 0.0008<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a: \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630<\/h3>\n<h4>\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 (FEA)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628<\/li>\n<li>\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0643 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u061f \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 0.0001 \u0625\u0644\u0649 0.0004 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0641.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/ptsmake2025.02.28-0012Precision-Metal-Bearings.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644. \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deformation_(engineering)\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:3\"><a href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\">3<\/a><\/sup> \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0636\u063a\u0637\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a (\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td>\n<td>0.0002 - 0.0004<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td>\n<td>0.0001 - 0.0003<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td>\n<td>0.0001 - 0.0003<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646<\/td>\n<td>0.0003 - 0.0005<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n<h4>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 (\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647 (\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>0.5 - 2.0<\/td>\n<td>0.0005 - 0.001<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2.0 \u2013 4.0<\/td>\n<td>0.001 - 0.002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4.0 - 6.0<\/td>\n<td>0.002 - 0.003<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0630\u0648 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629:<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u062d\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0639<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0622\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0622\u0645\u0646.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/ptsmake2025.02.28-0015Precision-CNC-Turning-Process.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/reboundrehab.com\/physical-therapy-treatments\/radial-pressure-wave-therapy\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:4\"><a href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\">4<\/a><\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 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\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geometric_dimensioning_and_tolerancing\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:5\"><a href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\">5<\/a><\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 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\u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a. \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interference_fit\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:6\"><a href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\">6<\/a><\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649\/\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 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\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629:<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u061f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0632\u0639\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 - \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 = \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f - \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/ptsmake2025.02.28-0027Interference-Fit-Shaft-Hole.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0622\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\"><figcaption>\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639:<\/p>\n<h4>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 = \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f - \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 = \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f - \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geometric_dimensioning_and_tolerancing\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:7\"><a href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\">7<\/a><\/sup>. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/h4>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/th>\n<th>\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f<\/td>\n<td>+0.02 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<td>+0.01 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062b\u0642\u0628<\/td>\n<td>-0.01 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<td>-0.02 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630: 200 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645: 69 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631: 100-125 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0636\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 (\u00d710-\u2076\/ \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td>\n<td>11.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>23.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td>19.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f: \u0631\u0639 0.8-1.6 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/li>\n<li>\u062b\u0642\u0628 Ra 1.6-3.2 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0627\u064b<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647:<\/p>\n<h4>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 (P) \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n<p>P = E \u00d7 \u03b4 \/ (2r)<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>E = \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u062c<\/li>\n<li>\u03b4 = \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/li>\n<li>r = \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/h4>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0642<\/td>\n<td>30-50% \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f 30-50%<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f 70% 70%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/td>\n<td>20-40% \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f 20-40%<\/td>\n<td>60% \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f 60%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u0632\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637\u061f \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 0.001 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 1 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 0.001 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/ptsmake2025.02.28-0034Interference-Fit-Assembly.webp\" alt=\"\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\"><figcaption>\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/shaft-hole-tolerances-for-clearance-interference-fits\/?srsltid=AfmBOorXZrL1oWRVwbI62B_Jm0fRJRFZHsmaZPG3SmjK3JjTpJP4o5Qx\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:9\"><a href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\">8<\/a><\/sup> \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0628<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647 (\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\/\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<td>0.001-0.002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<td>0.0008-0.0015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632\u064a<\/td>\n<td>0.0006-0.0012<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<td>0.0009-0.0018<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a: \u0394T = \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \/ (\u03b1 \u00d7 D)<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u064a\u0646:\n<ul>\n<li>\u0394T = \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u03b1 = \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n<li>D = \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644. \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629: \u0631\u0639 0.2-0.8 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0631\u0639 0.8-1.6 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/li>\n<li>\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629: \u0631\u0639 1.6-3.2 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646\/\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0641<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/li>\n<li>\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629:<\/p>\n<h4>\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u061f \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 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\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/ptsmake2025.02.28-0036Precision-Machined-Shaft.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\"><figcaption>\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deformation_(engineering)\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:8\"><a href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\">9<\/a><\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a: 0.0001\" \u0625\u0644\u0649 0.0004\" \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a: 0.0003\" \u0625\u0644\u0649 0.0007\" \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 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\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/ptsmake2025.02.28-0037CNC-Machining-Process.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a CNC \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631. \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thermal_expansion\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:10\"><a href=\"#fn:10\" class=\"footnote-ref\">10<\/a><\/sup> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0628\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a 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src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/ptsmake2025.02.28-0040CNC-Machined-Metal-Shaft.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644\"><figcaption>\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f 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\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Radial_stress\">\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:11\"><a href=\"#fn:11\" class=\"footnote-ref\">11<\/a><\/sup> \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 AISI 4340 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 4340<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 4140<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>17-4 \u0641 -4 \u0633 \u0633 \u0633<\/td>\n<td>316 SS<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0644 718<\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643 50<\/td>\n<td>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>AISI 4340: \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/li>\n<li>AISI 4140: \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/li>\n<li>AISI 8620: \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>17-4 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629: \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>316: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>440C: \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n<h4>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/h4>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/ptsmake2025.02.28-0044Precision-CNC-Machined-Shaft.webp\" alt=\"\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644\"><figcaption>\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/ctherm.com\/resources\/newsroom\/blog\/coefficient-of-thermal-expansion\/\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:12\"><a href=\"#fn:12\" class=\"footnote-ref\">12<\/a><\/sup>. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629:<\/p>\n<p>\u2206L = L\u2080 \u00d7 \u03b1 \u00d7 \u2206T<br \/>\n\u0623\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u2206L = \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/li>\n<li>L\u2080 = \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u03b1 = \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u2206T = \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a (\u00d710- \u2076\/\u00b0\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)<\/th>\n<th>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td>\n<td>11-13<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>22-24<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td>18-20<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td>8.6<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628<\/h4>\n<p>\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/h4>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0640<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 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id=\"fn:4\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646.<a href=\"#fnref1:4\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:5\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a GD&amp;T \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649.<a href=\"#fnref1:5\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:6\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<a href=\"#fnref1:10\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:11\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629<a href=\"#fnref1:11\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:12\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a.<a href=\"#fnref1:12\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ufeffHave you ever struggled with parts that keep coming loose during assembly? I&#8217;ve seen many engineers face this frustrating challenge, leading to production delays and increased costs. Even worse, loose components can cause catastrophic failures in critical machinery, putting both equipment and operators at risk. An interference fit, also known as a press fit or [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5167,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Master Interference Fits: Prevent Loose Assembly Parts","_seopress_titles_desc":"Explore how interference fits ensure secure assemblies, reducing downtime and costs. Learn optimal fit types and calculations for superior performance.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5165","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-design"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5165","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5165"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5165\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7478,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5165\/revisions\/7478"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5165"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5165"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5165"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}