{"id":12680,"date":"2026-01-14T20:06:16","date_gmt":"2026-01-14T12:06:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/?p=12680"},"modified":"2026-01-14T00:47:44","modified_gmt":"2026-01-13T16:47:44","slug":"brushed-stainless-steel-finish-for-precision-manufacturing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/brushed-stainless-steel-finish-for-precision-manufacturing\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ptsmake2026.01.03-1608Precision-Mold-Component.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\"><figcaption>\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645. \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u062e\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0645\u0629. \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Passivation_(chemistry)\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:1\"><a href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\">1<\/a><\/sup> \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0642\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">0.005 \u0645\u0645 \u2013 0.015 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">0.002 \u0645\u0645 \u2013 0.010 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ptsmake2026.01.02-1924Brushed-Aluminum-Automotive-Bracket-Detail.webp\" alt=\"\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 <em>\u0628\u0639\u062f<\/em> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0642\u0630\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0645 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tribology\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:2\"><a href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\">2<\/a><\/sup>, \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0643\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0645\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0646\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ptsmake2026.01.02-1925Brushed-Stainless-Steel-Medical-Equipment-Components.webp\" alt=\"\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064d \u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0631. \u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Passivation_(chemistry)\">\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:3\"><a href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\">3<\/a><\/sup> \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0640<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">70% \u0643\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644 70%<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0628\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0623\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 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\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: Ra \u0648 Rz<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0627 Ra \u0648 Rz. \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>Ra\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0645\u0645 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\u0644\u0640<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0631\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0631\u0632<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 5 \u0642\u0645\u0645 5 \u0642\u0645\u0645 \u06485 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 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\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 <strong>\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 Ra \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0647<\/h3>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \"N\" (\u0645\u0646 ISO 1302). \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Ra \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>A <strong>\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/strong> \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0644\u0647 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anisotropy\">\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:4\"><a href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\">4<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0642 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Ra \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a (\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">N7<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1.6<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">N6<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">0.8<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">N5<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">0.4<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Ra \u0648Rz \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631. \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062e\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ptsmake2026.01.02-1928Stainless-Steel-Surface-Finish-Comparison.webp\" alt=\"\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623. \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u062a\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0642. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0641\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anisotropy\">\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:5\"><a href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\">5<\/a><\/sup>, \u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c. \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0625\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0637\u062e\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0634.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0635\u064f\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627\u061f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0637\u062d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \/ \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0622\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644. \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>120<\/td>\n<td>\u062e\u0634\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>180<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>320<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629. \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0635\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0639\u0645.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ptsmake2026.01.02-1930Stainless-Steel-Brushed-Surface-Grit-Comparison.webp\" alt=\"\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0642 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0635\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0644\u0628\u0635\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0647. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a 180 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0646\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a 120 \u062d\u0635\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a 320 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Surface_roughness\">\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:6\"><a href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\">6<\/a><\/sup> \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0646\u0629 (120) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 (180) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 (320) - \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 316L\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 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\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 (\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ptsmake2026.01.02-1931Medical-Instruments-With-Brushed-Steel-Finish.webp\" alt=\"\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 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class=\"footnote-ref\">7<\/a><\/sup>, \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d 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left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0626 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644. \u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062e\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ptsmake2026.01.02-1933Brushed-Versus-Polished-Stainless-Steel-Plates.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0640 \"\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\". \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630. \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0631. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637. \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0634\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0633 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062e \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647. \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Surface_(topology)\">\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:8\"><a href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\">8<\/a><\/sup> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0623\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ptsmake2026.01.02-1935Hand-Brushed-Vs-Machine-Brushed-Stainless-Steel-Plates.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\"><figcaption>\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641. \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anisotropy\">\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:9\"><a href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\">9<\/a><\/sup>, \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0647. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629. \u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629\/\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0651\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ptsmake2026.01.02-1936Brushed-Stainless-Steel-Robot-Component.webp\" alt=\"\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0630\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645. \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anisotropy\">\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:10\"><a href=\"#fn:10\" class=\"footnote-ref\">10<\/a><\/sup>, \u060c \u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0622\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641. \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u062e\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 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\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ptsmake2026.01.02-1937Welded-Brushed-Stainless-Steel-Panel.webp\" alt=\"\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0632\u062c \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Heat-affected_zone\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:11\"><a href=\"#fn:11\" class=\"footnote-ref\">11<\/a><\/sup>, \u060c \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>1. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064d \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064d.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>2. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0634\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062c<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0634 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0644.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>4. \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0647\u0627.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 80%)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 (\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ptsmake2026.01.02-1939Sustainable-Brushed-Stainless-Steel-Components.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u2018\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631\u2019\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u063a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0651\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d. \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644. \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Austenitic_stainless_steel\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:12\"><a href=\"#fn:12\" class=\"footnote-ref\">12<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0630\u0643\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062d\u0645. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a 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left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0637\u062d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0649.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ptsmake2026.01.02-1940Brushed-Stainless-Steel-Electronic-Enclosures.webp\" alt=\"\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\"><figcaption>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 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\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u064b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a. \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644. \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 316. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Passivation_(chemistry)\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:13\"><a href=\"#fn:13\" class=\"footnote-ref\">13<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0633 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">304<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">316<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\/\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 PTSMAKE \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0644\u0633 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0638. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ptsmake2026.01.02-1942Brushed-Stainless-Steel-Metal-Plates.webp\" alt=\"\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \"\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\" \u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0646\u0627<\/h3>\n<p>\u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0648 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Metrology\">\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:14\"><a href=\"#fn:14\" class=\"footnote-ref\">14<\/a><\/sup> \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h4>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d (Ra)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 PTSMAKE<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u061f \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0651\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 - \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/contact\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PTSMAKE-Inquiry-image-1500.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 - PTSMAKE\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"footnotes\">\n<hr \/>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn:1\">\n<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623.<a href=\"#fnref1:1\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:2\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a.<a href=\"#fnref1:2\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:3\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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id=\"fn:9\">\n<p>\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643.<a href=\"#fnref1:9\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:10\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 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\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u0643 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:14\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Looking at your manufacturing challenges, you&#8217;ve likely faced the frustrating choice between aesthetic appeal and functional performance when selecting surface finishes. Many procurement managers discover too late that their chosen finish creates cleaning nightmares, corrosion issues, or fails to meet industry standards. Brushed stainless steel finish combines durability, cleanability, and professional aesthetics while meeting strict [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12859,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_titles_title":"Brushed Stainless Steel Finish For Precision Manufacturing","_seopress_titles_desc":"Discover the durability and elegance of brushed stainless steel finishes in aerospace, medical, and robotics. Achieve top performance and aesthetics.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"both","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":301,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_seopress_news_disabled":"","_seopress_video_disabled":"","_seopress_video":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas_manual":[],"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable_all":"","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12680","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-surface-finishes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12680","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12680"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12680\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12861,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12680\/revisions\/12861"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12859"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12680"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12680"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12680"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}