{"id":12197,"date":"2025-12-17T20:45:10","date_gmt":"2025-12-17T12:45:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/?p=12197"},"modified":"2025-12-10T17:50:24","modified_gmt":"2025-12-10T09:50:24","slug":"custom-cold-plate-liquid-cooling-manufacturer-ptsmake","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/custom-cold-plate-liquid-cooling-manufacturer-ptsmake\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 | PTSMAKE"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 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\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u062d\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0625\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brazing\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:1\"><a href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\">1<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643\u064a (FSW)<\/h4>\n<p>FSW \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0639 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">FSW<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 FSW \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629)\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064d<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/ptsmake2025.12.10-1300Cold-Plate-Internal-Channel-Designs.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0632\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0647\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/engineering\/flow-maldistribution\">\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:2\"><a href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\">2<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629: \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0640...<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064d<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646. \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">~\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 400 \u0648\u0627\u0637\/\u0645-\u0643<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">~\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 235 \u0648\u0627\u0637\/\u0645-\u0643<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0640<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/ptsmake2025.12.10-1302Copper-Vs-Aluminum-Cold-Plates-Comparison.webp\" alt=\"\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\" \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626. \u0646\u0646\u0635\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.analog.com\/en\/resources\/glossary\/thermal-resistance.html\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:3\"><a href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\">3<\/a><\/sup> \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/h4>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\/\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u062a\u0643. \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a (DI)<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0621 DI \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u062f. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627\u0621 DI \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0627\u0621-\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u062f\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/ptsmake2025.12.10-1303Different-Types-Of-Coolant-Liquids.webp\" alt=\"\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0640 <code>\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629:<\/strong> \u0647\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u062f\u061f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629:<\/strong> \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 DI \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Viscosity\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:4\"><a href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\">4<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0627\u0621-\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646 0 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">-50 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 120 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">-80 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 200 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0629)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 - \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a <code>\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/code>. \u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\"<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 1 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">&lt; \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 1 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">&gt; 1 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0640<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/ptsmake2025.12.10-1304Microchannel-Cold-Plate-With-Tiny-Cooling-Channels.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\"><figcaption>\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 <code>\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631: \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0641\u0625\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hydraulic_diameter\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:5\"><a href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\">5<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0643\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u2013<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u2013<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u2013<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 <strong>\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f (AM)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0621\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/ptsmake2025.12.10-13063D-Printed-Cold-Plate-With-Internal-Channels.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\"><figcaption>\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0629. \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643. A <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gyroid\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:6\"><a href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\">6<\/a><\/sup> \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/strong> \u062d\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u063a\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0644\u0646\u0644\u0642\u0650 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0643<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0643\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/ptsmake2025.12.10-1307Pipe-Fittings-And-Connectors-Collection.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 <code>\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644 (POM) \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u0642. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anodizing\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:7\"><a href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\">7<\/a><\/sup> \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0627:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">G1\/4\"<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">NPT<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>G1\/4 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0641 O \u0644\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 NPT \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u062b\u0644 G1\/4\" \u0648 NPT \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f: \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627\u061f \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064d \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 (\u0648\u0627\u0637\/\u0633\u0645\u00b2)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">&lt; 50<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">50 \u2013 300<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">&gt; 300<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/ptsmake2025.12.10-1309Cold-Plate-Cooling-System-Classification.webp\" alt=\"\u0644\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 50 \u0648\u0627\u0637\/\u0633\u0645\u00b2\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0632. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 50-300 \u0648\u0627\u0637\/\u0633\u0645\u00b2\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643\u064a (FSW) \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u0648\u0642 300 \u0648\u0627\u0637\/\u0633\u0645\u00b2\u060c \u0646\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.qats.com\/cms\/2010\/09\/13\/what-is-jet-impingement-cooling-and-how-is-it-applied-for-thermal-management-of-electronics-part-1-of-2\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062b<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:8\"><a href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\">8<\/a><\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (\u0648\u0627\u0637\/\u0633\u0645\u00b2)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">&lt; 50<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062b\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0641<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">50 \u2013 300<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a (CNC)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">&gt; 300<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645. \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u062d. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631. \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 CFD.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">3<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">4<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062d\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/ptsmake2025.12.10-1743Precision-Cooling-System.webp\" alt=\"\u0644\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Computational_fluid_dynamics\">\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:9\"><a href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\">9<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062b\u0645\u0646. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642. \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/h4>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\/\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0641<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 CFD \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 (\u062c\u0645\/\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0648\u0627\u062a\/\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0641\u0646)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2.70<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">~205<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">8.96<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">~400<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/ptsmake2025.12.10-1311Aluminum-Cold-Plate-Heat-Exchanger.webp\" alt=\"\u0644\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646. \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0637\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646. \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Generative_design\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:10\"><a href=\"#fn:10\" class=\"footnote-ref\">10<\/a><\/sup>, \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647<\/h3>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 <code>\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/code> \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0646\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629-\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0635\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u061f \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a. \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\/\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/ptsmake2025.12.10-1312Cold-Plate-Cooling-System-Testing.webp\" alt=\"\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u064f\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1.5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632. \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634. \u0646\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fatigue_(material)\">\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:11\"><a href=\"#fn:11\" class=\"footnote-ref\">11<\/a><\/sup> \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1.5 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 1.5 \u0645\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">-40 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 125 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 1000 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0648 TIM \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 - \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 - \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0641 O: \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0640<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EPDM<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\/\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">-50 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 150 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646 (FKM)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">-20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 200 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/ptsmake2025.12.10-1314Cold-Plate-With-Sealing-Components.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 O \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Creep_(deformation)\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:12\"><a href=\"#fn:12\" class=\"footnote-ref\">12<\/a><\/sup>, \u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0646\u0624\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 <code>\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 PTSMAKE<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643\u061f \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 - \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 B2B \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/contact\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PTSMAKE-Inquiry-image-1500.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 - PTSMAKE\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"footnotes\">\n<hr \/>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn:1\">\n<p>\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<a href=\"#fnref1:1\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:2\">\n<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<a href=\"#fnref1:2\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:3\">\n<p>\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<a href=\"#fnref1:3\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:4\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645.<a href=\"#fnref1:4\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:5\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:7\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:7\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:8\">\n<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a 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\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:11\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:12\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<a href=\"#fnref1:12\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Custom liquid cooling systems fail when companies choose the wrong cold plate design or manufacturer. Many engineers face delays, poor thermal performance, and reliability issues that compromise their entire cooling system and project timelines. PTSMAKE manufactures custom cold plates using precision CNC machining and advanced manufacturing techniques, delivering reliable liquid cooling solutions from prototype to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12216,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Custom Cold Plate Liquid Cooling Manufacturer | PTSMAKE","_seopress_titles_desc":"Optimize liquid cooling with PTSMAKE's custom cold plates, ensuring high performance and reliability for aerospace, electronics, and automotive industries.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12197","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-heat-sink"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12197","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12197"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12197\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12225,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12197\/revisions\/12225"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12216"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12197"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12197"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12197"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}