{"id":11914,"date":"2025-11-30T20:53:46","date_gmt":"2025-11-30T12:53:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/?p=11914"},"modified":"2025-11-29T11:54:02","modified_gmt":"2025-11-29T03:54:02","slug":"custom-stainless-steel-fittings-manufacturer-ptsmake","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/custom-stainless-steel-fittings-manufacturer-ptsmake\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 | PTSMAKE"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 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\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623. \u0646\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0642. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hydrostatic_test\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:1\"><a href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\">1<\/a><\/sup> \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 (\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 (\u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>-20 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100<\/td>\n<td>285<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>300<\/td>\n<td>230<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>500<\/td>\n<td>200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.23-2217Stainless-Steel-Manufacturing-Methods-Comparison.webp\" alt=\"\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0631: \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u063a\u0637\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/immunology-and-microbiology\/grain-structure\">\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:2\"><a href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\">2<\/a><\/sup>, \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u064b\u0627<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u064a\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a: \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0634\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 (\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 ASME\/ASTM\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 ASME \u0648 ASTM \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">ASTM A276 \u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">ASME B1.1 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">ASTM E8 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f ASTM E8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.23-2219Standard-Stainless-Steel-Industrial-Components.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648 <a href=\"https:\/\/science.howstuffworks.com\/metallurgy.htm\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:3\"><a href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\">3<\/a><\/sup> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 316\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ASTM \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/h4>\n<p>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629\u061f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u064a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c ASTM A36)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u0635\u0641 \"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\" \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">+\/- 0.05 \u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASME Y14.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\"\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 1.5 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0634\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645. \u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628. \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0633\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 NPT \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 BSP. \u0648\u0647\u064a 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\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galling\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:4\"><a href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\">4<\/a><\/sup>. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 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style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.23-2222Stainless-Steel-Pipe-Fittings-Collection.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 90 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u064845 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 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\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 90 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u201c+\u201d. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648 <a href=\"https:\/\/flowdynamics.net\/?srsltid=AfmBOoqB_F6ShVEPYrshG0W530X06YTVa93fYDNP-ReQj0i5_NfCmClj\">\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:5\"><a href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u063a\u0631\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a. \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 NPT\u060c \u062a\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628. \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 BSPP\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 O.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628 (NPT)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 (\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062a\u062f)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064d (BSPP)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.23-2224Threaded-Pipe-Fittings-Classification-System.webp\" alt=\"\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628\u0629: \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 NPT<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a (NPT) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628. \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628. \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interference_fit\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:6\"><a href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\">6<\/a><\/sup> \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 BSPP<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 (BSPP) \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 BSPP \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 NPT \u0633\u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0648\u064a\u0629 BSPP\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u063a\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">NPT (\u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">BSPP (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 NPT \u062a\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 BSPP \u0641\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0648\u0631\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629: 2000 \u06483000 \u06486000 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 6000 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 2000.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a 2000 \u06483000 \u06486000. \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2000<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">3000<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062b\u0642\u0644 (Sch 80\/XH)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">6000<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b (\u0634 160)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.23-2225Stainless-Steel-Forged-Pipe-Fittings-Collection.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\"><figcaption>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 ASME B16.11\u060c \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0627. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 (psi).<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yield_(engineering)\">\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:7\"><a href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\">7<\/a><\/sup> \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0643\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 90 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 1 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629)<\/h4>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">3000<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1.12 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">0.5 \u0631\u0637\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">6000<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1.38 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1.1 \u0631\u0637\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u062b\u0644 2000 \u06483000 \u06486000 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d (\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Ra) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Ra\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Ra \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Ra \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0642\u0644\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Ra (\u00b5\u0641\u064a)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">&gt; 63 \u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0637\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">32-63 \u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">16-32 \u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">&lt; \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 15 \u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0644\u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.23-2227Stainless-Steel-Fittings-Surface-Finish-Classification.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 Ra \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \"\u0631\u0639\" \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0646\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Ra \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.keyence.com\/ss\/products\/microscope\/roughness\/line\/parameters.jsp\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:8\"><a href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\">8<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 Ra \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a (\u00b5\u0641\u064a)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">32 - 125 \u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">16 - 32 \u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0645\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">&lt; \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 15 \u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0647. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Ra\u060c \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0645.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u062b\u0645\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>3<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.23-2229Stainless-Steel-Pipe-Fittings-Selection.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0634\u062f\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643. \u0644\u0646\u0644\u0642\u0650 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 1: \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/rahco-rubber.com\/resources\/elastomer-fluid-compatibility\/\">\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:9\"><a href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\">9<\/a><\/sup> \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0623\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 2: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 PVC<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">150 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">32 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 140 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1,200 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">-65 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 250 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">10,000 + 10,000 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">-425 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 1200 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 3: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 - \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 NPT \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 NPT \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 NPT \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u062a\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\/\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">3<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.23-2230Stainless-Steel-Threaded-NPT-Pipe-Fittings.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 NPT \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\"><figcaption>\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 NPT \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u062c\u0632\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0645. \u0623\u064a \u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0645. \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 PTFE \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u0646. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0641\u0647 2-3 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629). \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0648\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galling\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:10\"><a href=\"#fn:10\" class=\"footnote-ref\">10<\/a><\/sup>, \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \"\u0645\u0634\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b\". \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0641\u062c\u0623\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0642.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a NPT \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0623\u0639\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0634\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643. \u0644\u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b\u061f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0639\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.23-2232Welded-Vs-Threaded-Pipe-Connections.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644. \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hermetic_seal\">\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:11\"><a href=\"#fn:11\" class=\"footnote-ref\">11<\/a><\/sup> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u062c. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f (\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 (\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644 (\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631\/\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0646\u062c (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623. \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0632\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0634\u062f \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0621<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643. \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u062e\u0629. \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.23-2233Stainless-Steel-Threaded-Pipe-Fittings.webp\" alt=\"\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tribonet.org\/wiki\/adhesive-wear\/\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:12\"><a href=\"#fn:12\" class=\"footnote-ref\">12<\/a><\/sup>. \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u062a. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0645. \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u062a\u0649 2400 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a (1315 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u062a\u0649 1800 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a (980 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u062a\u0649 750 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a (400 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0642\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u0642\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a <code>\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/code>, \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u062b\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0623\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0647. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0621. \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">3<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">4<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.23-2235Stainless-Steel-Pipe-Fittings-Testing.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\"><figcaption>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\/\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a) \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u063a\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/h4>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1.5 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0637\u0647 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tfsheat.com\/understanding-maximum-allowable-working-pressure-mawp\/\">\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:13\"><a href=\"#fn:13\" class=\"footnote-ref\">13<\/a><\/sup>. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633. \u0627\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\/\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644 (\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0635\u0639\u0628. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644. \u0633\u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 -196 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (-321 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a).<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645. \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0637\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 304 \u0648316 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0633. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 <strong>\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/strong> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0634\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.23-2237Stainless-Steel-Cryogenic-Pipe-Fittings.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\"><figcaption>\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 (FCC). \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.samaterials.com\/blog\/ductile-to-brittle-transition-temperature.html\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:14\"><a href=\"#fn:14\" class=\"footnote-ref\">14<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u062c\u0623\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0633\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 (BCC). \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0628\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647. \u0646\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u0641\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 304 \u0623\u0648 316 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 316 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">316 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641 (\u0647\u0634)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">BCC (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062b\u0644 304\/316 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 PTSMAKE \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623\u061f \u062b\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a. \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 PTSMAKE \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/contact\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PTSMAKE-Inquiry-image-1500.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 - PTSMAKE\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"footnotes\">\n<hr \/>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn:1\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<a href=\"#fnref1:1\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:2\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0621.<a href=\"#fnref1:2\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:3\">\n<p>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627.<a href=\"#fnref1:3\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:4\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<a href=\"#fnref1:7\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:8\">\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c.<a href=\"#fnref1:8\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:9\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 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href=\"#fnref1:11\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:12\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:12\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:13\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<a href=\"#fnref1:13\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:14\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:14\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Selecting the wrong stainless steel fitting can lead to catastrophic system failures, costly downtime, and safety hazards. Many engineers struggle with the complexity of pressure ratings, connection types, and material specifications when designing critical fluid systems. Custom stainless steel fittings are precision-engineered components that connect, control, and direct fluid flow in piping systems, manufactured to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11935,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Custom Stainless Steel Fittings Manufacturer | PTSMAKE","_seopress_titles_desc":"Avoid system failures! Discover expert tips for choosing the right stainless steel fittings. Learn about pressure ratings and safety hazards now.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11914","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cnc-machining"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11914","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11914"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11914\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11936,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11914\/revisions\/11936"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11935"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11914"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11914"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11914"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}