{"id":11766,"date":"2025-11-16T20:19:06","date_gmt":"2025-11-16T12:19:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/?p=11766"},"modified":"2025-11-11T22:19:21","modified_gmt":"2025-11-11T14:19:21","slug":"the-practical-ultimate-guide-to-metal-injection-molding-mim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/the-practical-ultimate-guide-to-metal-injection-molding-mim\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 (MIM)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0623\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 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\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 (MIM) \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064f\u0651\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.11-2210Precision-CNC-Components.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a MIM \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 MIM\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a (MIM)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 MIM - \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 MIM \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 (MIM)\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 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left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0647<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.11-2030Precision-Metal-Injection-Molded-Components.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0642 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0647\u0634 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f. \u0641\u0647\u0648 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rheology\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:1\"><a href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\">1<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0631\u0642. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a (\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\/\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0634<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\/\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u0642\u062a\/\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \/ \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \"\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631\". \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a (MIM) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 (MIM) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 MIM<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642<\/h4>\n<p>\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631\" \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0641. \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.11-2032Precision-Metal-Gear-With-Uniform-Design.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 MIM \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/h3>\n<h4>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 15-20%. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/help.autodesk.com\/view\/MFIA\/2024\/ENU\/?guid=MoldflowInsight_CLC_Results_Warp_analysis_results_Anisotropic_shrinkage_result_html\">\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:2\"><a href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\">2<\/a><\/sup>, \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645. \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0632\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 (MIM)\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a (MIM) \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u0645. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.11-2034Metal-Injection-Molding-Alloy-Categories.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 MIM \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0646\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/h4>\n<p>\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062b\u0644 17-4PH \u0648 316L \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 17-4PH \u0628\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. 316L \u0647\u0648 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Austenitic_stainless_steel\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:3\"><a href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\">3<\/a><\/sup> \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 MIM \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a-\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a (Co-Cr)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u063a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 MIM \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 (MIM)\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 (MIM) \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629: \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 100 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 MIM<\/h4>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644 MIM<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 100 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.11-2036Complex-Small-Metal-Components-For-MIM.webp\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 (MIM)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 MIM\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \"\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627\" \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sintering\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:4\"><a href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\">4<\/a><\/sup> \u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 MIM<\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0628\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 MIM \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 100 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 (MIM)\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0627\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0627\u0632\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.11-2037Metal-Injection-Molding-Machine-Production.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 MIM \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 MIM \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643. \u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0646\u0627. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0627\u0632\u0631\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Repeatability\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:5\"><a href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\">5<\/a><\/sup> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 50-70% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u0649. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0641 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643. \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 (MIM)\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.11-2039Metal-Injection-Molding-Defects-Analysis.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0628\u062f \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 MIM<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 MIM \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pveducation.org\/pvcdrom\/manufacturing-si-cells\/solid-state-diffusion\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:6\"><a href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\">6<\/a><\/sup>. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f - \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a (MIM)\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 (MIM) \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 MIM \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062c\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\/\u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\/\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u062d \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.11-2041Metal-Components-Secondary-Operations-Results.webp\" alt=\"\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\"><figcaption>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 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\u0635\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0637\u064a\u0644, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Case-hardening\">\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:7\"><a href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\">7<\/a><\/sup> \u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0634\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d<\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u060c \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0635\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 MIM \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f. \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a (MIM) \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 (MIM) \u0648\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 MIM \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a MIM \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0637. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a MIM<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 15-25%<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 0.5-5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.11-2042Hardened-Steel-MIM-Tooling-Components.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a MIM \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0649<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a: \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0634\u0648.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 P20\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0649. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 D2 \u0623\u0648 M2 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621 MIM \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\". \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0634 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0631. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a MIM \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0630\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a. \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0641 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0641.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634: \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 5%. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 MIM\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 15% \u064825%.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/help.autodesk.com\/view\/MFIA\/2024\/ENU\/?guid=MoldflowInsight_CLC_Results_Warp_analysis_results_Isotropic_shrinkage_result_html\">\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:8\"><a href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\">8<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0628\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0624\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0633\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 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style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a 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\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 15-20%.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \"\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631\".<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pyrolysis\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:9\"><a href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\">9<\/a><\/sup> \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0632\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 (MIM)\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0645 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left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.11-2046Metal-Components-Material-Selection-Guide.webp\" alt=\"\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\"><figcaption>\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 MIM \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061f \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649\u061f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 17-4PH \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Precipitation_hardening\">\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:10\"><a href=\"#fn:10\" class=\"footnote-ref\">10<\/a><\/sup>. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 316L \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 17-4PH.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 316L \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 17-4PH.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 MIM \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 17-4PH<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 316L<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645. 17-4PH \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 316L \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 17-4PH \u0648 316L\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0633\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.11-2047Distorted-Thin-Walled-Metal-Bracket.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646\"><figcaption>\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0636\u062f\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0643\u0650\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0643\u0650\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0643\u0650\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thermal_stress\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:11\"><a href=\"#fn:11\" class=\"footnote-ref\">11<\/a><\/sup>, \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647. \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0621<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f. \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u061f<\/h2>\n<h3>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a (MIM) \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0646\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u063a\u0651\u0631\u0629 MIM. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062e\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.11-2049Precision-Metal-Gear-Component-Analysis.webp\" alt=\"\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646\"><figcaption>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628. \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sintering\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:12\"><a href=\"#fn:12\" class=\"footnote-ref\">12<\/a><\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0633\u0651\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 (MIM) \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644. \u0633\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 MIM \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629. \u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.11-2051Metal-Parts-Cost-Analysis-Comparison.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0628\u0646\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 MIM \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 MIM \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u0641\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.calculator.net\/amortization-calculator.html\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0621<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:13\"><a href=\"#fn:13\" class=\"footnote-ref\">13<\/a><\/sup>. \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641\u060c \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/h3>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a (MIM)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 (\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 (\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 (\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0647\u0627\u0645 (\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0628\u062f (MIM)\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637. \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u062a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644. \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0647<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\"\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u063a\" \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.11-2052Microscope-Analyzing-Metal-Component-Microstructure.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0628\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0636\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\"><figcaption>\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0643 \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u0646\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642\u0629. \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642\u0629, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Equiaxed_crystal\">\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:14\"><a href=\"#fn:14\" class=\"footnote-ref\">14<\/a><\/sup>\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647. \u0646\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 97% \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u062c\u0632\u0621 MIM \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0628\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a (MIM) \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 MIM \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648-\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">5-25 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">&lt; 5 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.11-2054Micro-Metal-Components-On-Laboratory-Surface.webp\" alt=\"\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 MIM \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rheology\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:15\"><a href=\"#fn:15\" class=\"footnote-ref\">15<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628. \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0644\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0641\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0644\u0642 MIM \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648-\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 MIM \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 (MIM)\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 Moldflow\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0643\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 (\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0627\u064b)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 (\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ptsmake2025.11.11-2057Metal-Injection-Molding-Process-Simulation-Software.webp\" alt=\"\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\"><figcaption>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0629\u061b \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0623\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646. \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628. \u0648\u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0644\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629) \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/help.autodesk.com\/view\/MFIA\/2024\/ENU\/?guid=MoldflowInsight_CLC_Results_Fill_or_flow_results_Volumetric_shrinkage_result_html\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:16\"><a href=\"#fn:16\" class=\"footnote-ref\">16<\/a><\/sup> \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a 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\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a.<a href=\"#fnref1:7\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:8\">\n<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 MIM.<a href=\"#fnref1:8\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:9\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 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href=\"#fnref1:10\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:11\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0621 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647.<a href=\"#fnref1:11\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:12\">\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<a href=\"#fnref1:12\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:13\">\n<p>\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643.<a href=\"#fnref1:13\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:14\">\n<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<a href=\"#fnref1:14\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:15\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628.<a href=\"#fnref1:15\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:16\">\n<p>\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c.<a href=\"#fnref1:16\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>You&#8217;re developing a Metal Injection Molding project, but the technical complexity feels overwhelming. From injection parameters to sintering variables, material selection to defect prevention &#8211; there are countless moving parts that can derail your manufacturing success. Metal Injection Molding (MIM) is a powder metallurgy manufacturing process that combines the design flexibility of plastic injection molding [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11776,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"The Practical Ultimate Guide to Metal Injection Molding (MIM)","_seopress_titles_desc":"Unlock the secrets of Metal Injection Molding with expert insights on injection parameters, sintering, and defect prevention. Elevate your manufacturing success.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11766","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-metal-injection-molding-mim"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11766","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11766"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11766\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11777,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11766\/revisions\/11777"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11776"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11766"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11766"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11766"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}