{"id":11336,"date":"2025-09-19T20:51:39","date_gmt":"2025-09-19T12:51:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/?p=11336"},"modified":"2025-09-19T20:51:39","modified_gmt":"2025-09-19T12:51:39","slug":"the-practical-ultimate-guide-for-gear-parameters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/the-practical-ultimate-guide-for-gear-parameters\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0627\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0636 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-1851Gear-Terminology-Diagram.webp\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0633\u0623\u0631\u0634\u062f\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0643 \u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629)\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649. \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647. \u064a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\" (\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633). \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u0645)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">3<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">5<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0634\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-1633Gear-Dimensions-and-Types.webp\" alt=\"\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u062d\u0651\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0628\u0633\u0651\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a (DP). \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bolt_circle\">\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:1\"><a href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\">1<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628. \u0631\u0642\u0645 DP \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0643\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647: \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u0645)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 <code>m<\/code> = \u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a (DP)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 <code>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u062f\u0628\u064a<\/code> = \u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 (z) \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 (z) \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (m) \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 (d). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629: <code>\u062f = \u0645 \u00d7 \u0636<\/code>. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 (\u0636)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u0645)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 (\u062f)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">20<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">40 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">40<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">80 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">20<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">3<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">60 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0820Gears-With-Different-Tooth-Counts.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0648 20 \u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 (z1) \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639 \u0630\u064a 40 \u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 (z2)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u064a 2:1. \u0633\u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/api\/citations\/20100029604\/downloads\/20100029604.pdf\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:2\"><a href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\">2<\/a><\/sup> \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0627\u064b:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631:<\/strong> \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 (\u03b1) \u0648\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 (\u03b1) \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 14.5 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c 25 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-1836Gear-Backlash-Measurement.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628. \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/line-of-action.com\/\">\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:3\"><a href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\">3<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 14.5 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 25 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h4>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">14.5\u00b0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b\u061b \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641\u061b \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">20\u00b0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">25\u00b0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646\u061b \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u061b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u064b.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0645 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628. \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0823Gear-Tooth-Addendum-Dedendum-Dimensions.webp\" alt=\"\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0646. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 (\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633).<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wave_interference\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:4\"><a href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\">4<\/a><\/sup>\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u062d\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0645 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0639\u0637\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0824Gear-Backlash-Clearance-Between-Teeth.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\"><figcaption>\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u064a \"\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631\" \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 <a href=\"https:\/\/covalomotion.com\/gear-mesh-interference\/\">\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:5\"><a href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\">5<\/a><\/sup>\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u062d\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \/ \u0635\u0641\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 (\u062f) \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062f\u062d\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 PCD<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\/\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\/\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0826Gear-Pitch-Circle-Diameter-Visualization.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064f\u0651\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062a \u064a\u0628\u0633\u0651\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u062d\u0631\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062d\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Involute_gear\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:6\"><a href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\">6<\/a><\/sup>\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 (C) = (PCD \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 1 + PCD \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 2) \/ 2<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0639\u0637\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 1 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 (\u0645\u0645)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 2 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 (\u0645\u0645)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 (\u0645\u0645)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">50<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">100<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">75<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">60<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">60<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">60<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">40<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">80<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">60<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0628\u0633\u0651\u0637 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 (\u0623) \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 \"a\"\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 1<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 2<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 (\u0623)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0646.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-1837CNC-Machining-Diagram.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\"><figcaption>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.threadcheck.com\/technical-documents\/standard-inch-pitch-diameters-pg54.pdf?srsltid=AfmBOoqrTLVRuetk6E5Qd3Lx_444RmBYAAia8q_TiuIEGqkYQ-TdeKuY\">\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:7\"><a href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\">7<\/a><\/sup>. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629:<br \/>\n<code>\u0623 = (\u062f1 + \u062f2) \/ 2<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627, <code>d1<\/code> \u0648 <code>d2<\/code> \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (m) \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 (z).<\/p>\n<p><code>a = m * (z1 + z2) \/ 2<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \"\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\" (\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u061f)\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0647\u0646\u0627. \u0646\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644. \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639. \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 (\u0628) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 'b'\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0829Gear-Face-Width-Measurement-Display.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a\"><figcaption>\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644. \u0641\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Contact_mechanics\">\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:8\"><a href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\">8<\/a><\/sup> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a (CNC) \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 (\u0628) \u0647\u0648 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644. \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a)\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628. \u0646\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a (x)\".<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \"\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u061f\" (\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u061f). \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0830Precision-Gear-Wheels-With-Detailed-Teeth.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\"><figcaption>\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a. \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 (\u0633 &gt; 0) \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 (\u0633 &lt;0) \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0641\u0639. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0642. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Involute_gear\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:9\"><a href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\">9<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 (+\u0633)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0635\u0641\u0631 (\u0633=0)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 (-x)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0641\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u03c1f) \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u062b\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-1840Gear-Tooth-Profile.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n<p>\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0636\u063a\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0642\u0644. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u062f. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 (FEA). \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644. \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stress_concentration\">\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:10\"><a href=\"#fn:10\" class=\"footnote-ref\">10<\/a><\/sup> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631<\/p>\n<h4>\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 (\u03c1f)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 (\u062d\u0627\u062f)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2.5x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1.8x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 (\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1.2x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 (\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633) \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621 (\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u03b2)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-1841Precision-Gears-and-Components.webp\" alt=\"\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646\"><figcaption>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u03b2). \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ksb.com\/en-global\/centrifugal-pump-lexicon\/article\/axial-thrust-1117296\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:11\"><a href=\"#fn:11\" class=\"footnote-ref\">11<\/a><\/sup> \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0635\u064f\u0645\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 90 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u063a. \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0624\u0643\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u03b2)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0834Gear-Module-Teeth-Diameter-Relationship.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u062a\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 (\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633).<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 (d) = \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u0645) \u00d7 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 (Z)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bcepi.com\/fasteners-101\/the-importance-of-pitch-diameter-for-threaded-fasteners\">\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:12\"><a href=\"#fn:12\" class=\"footnote-ref\">12<\/a><\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 2. \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u0645)<\/th>\n<th>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 (Z)<\/th>\n<th>\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 (\u062f)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>40 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>40<\/td>\n<td>80 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>60<\/td>\n<td>120 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b 100 \u0645\u0645\u061f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 (\u062f)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u0645)<\/th>\n<th>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 (Z)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>100 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>100 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>100 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629: \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 25 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 14.5 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 (\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633) \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 25 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0642\u0644 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 14.5 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0836Metal-Gears-With-Different-Tooth-Angles.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631: \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 25 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/undercut\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:13\"><a href=\"#fn:13\" class=\"footnote-ref\">13<\/a><\/sup> \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641\u0647.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 14.5 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629. \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 (25 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 (14.5 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\" \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\"\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631. \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0641\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0837Standard-Versus-Modified-Gear-Design.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/h3>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 <a href=\"https:\/\/khkgears.net\/new\/gear_knowledge\/abcs_of_gears-b\/gear_profile_shift.html\">\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:14\"><a href=\"#fn:14\" class=\"footnote-ref\">14<\/a><\/sup> \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0628\u0637. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 (\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a (\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0839Helical-Gear-With-Angled-Teeth.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.phyley.com\/find-resultant-force\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:15\"><a href=\"#fn:15\" class=\"footnote-ref\">15<\/a><\/sup> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0647. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0630\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629: \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0631\u062c. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 - \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0633\u0631 - \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0627\u064b.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0840Precision-Gears-Contact-Ratio-Demonstration.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627. \u0646\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 1.2 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627\u061f \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 14.5 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0637 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/khkgears.net\/new\/gear_knowledge\/gear-nomenclature\/length-of-path-of-contact.html\">\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:16\"><a href=\"#fn:16\" class=\"footnote-ref\">16<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">&lt; 1.0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629\u061b \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1.0 &#8211; 1.2<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">&gt; 1.2<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u061b \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">&gt; 2.0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u061b \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 (\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 1.2 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635) \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\"\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\/\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0643\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\/\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0646\u0633\u0628 50:1 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0842Worm-Gear-And-Wheel-Assembly.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\"><figcaption>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062f\u062d\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u061f<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629:<br \/>\n<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 = \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u00d7 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \"\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\". \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 10 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b) \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a. \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/involute.pro\/fileman\/Uploads\/sliding%20velocity.pdf\">\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:17\"><a href=\"#fn:17\" class=\"footnote-ref\">17<\/a><\/sup>\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u061b \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">40:1:40 \u0625\u0644\u0649 100:1+<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">20:1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 50:1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">5:1 \u0625\u0644\u0649 30:1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0643\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0843Gear-Face-Width-Comparison-Study.webp\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a <a href=\"https:\/\/dep.wv.gov\/WWE\/getinvolved\/sos\/Pages\/PollutantLoads.aspx\">\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:18\"><a href=\"#fn:18\" class=\"footnote-ref\">18<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646: \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \"\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u061f\"\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \/ \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">0.8 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u062a\u0649 2.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">~\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 0.3 (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0641\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0844Meshing-Gears-With-Profile-Shift.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f. \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628. \u0625\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/gearsolutions.com\/departments\/tooth-tips\/addendum-modification-and-undercut\/\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:19\"><a href=\"#fn:19\" class=\"footnote-ref\">19<\/a><\/sup> \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0636\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c ISO\u060c AGMA)\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 ISO 1328 \u0648 AGMA 2015\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0846High-Precision-Metal-Gears-With-Different-Accuracy-Grades.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 ISO 4 \u0623\u0648 AGMA Q13\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 ISO 12 \u0623\u0648 AGMA Q6\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0647.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631. \u0625\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/khkgears.net\/new\/gear_knowledge\/abcs_of_gears-b\/gear_accuracy.html\">\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:20\"><a href=\"#fn:20\" class=\"footnote-ref\">20<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0630\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">3<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">4<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0634\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0847Gear-Module-Selection-Display.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\"><figcaption>\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0648 AGMA. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/h4>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0646\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Contact_mechanics\">\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:21\"><a href=\"#fn:21\" class=\"footnote-ref\">21<\/a><\/sup> \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 2.37 \u0645\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 2.37 \u0645\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 2.5 \u0645\u0645.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1.15 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1.25 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2.37 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2.50 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">3.89 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">4.00 \u0645\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0643.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064d \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 (\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633). \u0644\u0646\u0644\u0642\u0650 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">25 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0646\u0639.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0849Precision-Metal-Gears-With-Different-Angles.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\" \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631. \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 25 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 25 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/undercut\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:22\"><a href=\"#fn:22\" class=\"footnote-ref\">22<\/a><\/sup> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 25 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 25 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0633\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 ISO 5 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0850Precision-Gears-With-Optimized-Tooth-Profiles.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f. \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/advancedtransmission.com\/common-transmission-error-codes\/\">\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:23\"><a href=\"#fn:23\" class=\"footnote-ref\">23<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d<\/h3>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>1.2 &#8211; 1.6<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>&gt; 2.0<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637. \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0636\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a. \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 25 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0852Steel-Versus-Plastic-Gear-Comparison.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630. \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631<\/h4>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 25 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649. \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0634 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0641\u062e \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC3184730\/\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:24\"><a href=\"#fn:24\" class=\"footnote-ref\">24<\/a><\/sup>. \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0643 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u063a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 CAD \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u061f<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0647. \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.12-0853Precision-Metal-Gears-Design-Parameters.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061f \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u061f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/backlash\">\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:25\"><a href=\"#fn:25\" class=\"footnote-ref\">25<\/a><\/sup> \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629\u061f \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u061f \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 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\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u062a\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 (NVH)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0633\u0651\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 PTSMAKE - \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629\u061f \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628 PTSMAKE \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646. \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 - \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/contact\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PTSMAKE-Inquiry-image-1500.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 - PTSMAKE\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"footnotes\">\n<hr \/>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn:1\">\n<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 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class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:5\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<a href=\"#fnref1:5\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:6\">\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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href=\"#fnref1:12\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:13\">\n<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<a href=\"#fnref1:13\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:14\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<a href=\"#fnref1:16\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:17\">\n<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<a href=\"#fnref1:17\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:18\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<a href=\"#fnref1:18\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:19\">\n<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<a href=\"#fnref1:19\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:20\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644.<a href=\"#fnref1:22\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:23\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621.<a href=\"#fnref1:23\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:24\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627.<a href=\"#fnref1:24\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:25\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645.<a href=\"#fnref1:25\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Designing gears seems straightforward until you face the reality of interdependent parameters. A single change in module affects diameter, strength, and cost. Adjust the pressure angle, and you&#8217;re trading tooth strength for smooth operation. Gear parameters are the dimensional and geometric specifications that define a gear&#8217;s size, shape, and performance characteristics. These include module, number [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11370,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"The Practical Ultimate Guide for Gear Parameters","_seopress_titles_desc":"Explore the complexities of gear design and optimize with key parameters like module. Understand interactions and trade-offs for precision and strength.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11336","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gear"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11336","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11336"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11336\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11433,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11336\/revisions\/11433"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11370"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11336"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11336"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11336"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}