{"id":11185,"date":"2025-09-20T11:11:33","date_gmt":"2025-09-20T03:11:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/?p=11185"},"modified":"2025-09-20T11:11:33","modified_gmt":"2025-09-20T03:11:33","slug":"the-practical-ultimate-guide-to-helical-gears-design","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/the-practical-ultimate-guide-to-helical-gears-design\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0642 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src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.11-1516Precision-Gear-Set.webp\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631. 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.11-1517Precision-Machined-Gears.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lukew.com\/ff\/entry.asp?1130\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:1\"><a href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\">1<\/a><\/sup> \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629 \u0648\"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0646\" \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/h3>\n<p>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645. \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639. \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0643\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0640<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629: \u062a\u062d\u062c\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.10-1704Helical-Gears-With-Angled-Teeth-Geometry.webp\" alt=\"\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u0642 <a href=\"https:\/\/khkgears.net\/new\/gear_knowledge\/gear-nomenclature\/pitch-circle.html\">\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:2\"><a href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\">2<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0647. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0644. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c &gt; 30 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.10-1706Helical-Gears-With-Different-Helix-Angles.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 30 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u064845 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/khkgears.net\/new\/gear_knowledge\/gear-nomenclature\/contact-ratio.html\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:3\"><a href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\">3<\/a><\/sup>\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 15 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u064825 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u062f. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">30\u00b0 - 45\u00b0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">15\u00b0 - 25\u00b0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">20\u00b0 - 35\u00b0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639)<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.11-1520Gear-Mesh-Points.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\"><figcaption>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646)<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (WR)<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f. \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0648\u0627)<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pressure_angle\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:4\"><a href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\">4<\/a><\/sup>\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/th>\n<th>\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a - \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u063a\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064d<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.11-1523Precision-Gear-Assembly.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0629 (\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649). \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f (\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ksb.com\/en-global\/centrifugal-pump-lexicon\/article\/axial-thrust-1117296\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:5\"><a href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\">5<\/a><\/sup>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0646\u0644\u0642\u0650 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0640<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u062d\u0644\u0642<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.11-1523CNC-Gear-Machining.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u062d\u0644\u0642: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644: \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0634\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Involute_gear\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:6\"><a href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\">6<\/a><\/sup> \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0634\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0621<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u062d\u0644\u0642<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0621<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0643.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0640<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.10-1712Different-Gear-Materials-On-Workshop-Table.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0628. \u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0643 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643: \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0644 (\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0646) \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0623\u0648 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sintering\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:7\"><a href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\">7<\/a><\/sup>\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 - \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 - \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643. \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0646\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\/\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.10-1713Helical-Gears-With-Oil-Lubrication-System.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\/\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\/\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u062a\u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \"\u062a\u0645\u062e\u0636\". \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0634 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.motioncontroltips.com\/pitch-line-velocity\/\">\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:8\"><a href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\">8<\/a><\/sup> \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0645<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0642. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0642 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0631\u0630\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 (Z)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u0645)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 (\u03b1)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u03b2)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 (\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\/\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.10-1715Helical-Gear-Technical-Drawing-Blueprint.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\"><figcaption>\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u063a\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/gearsolutions.com\/departments\/tooth-tips\/addendum-modification-and-undercut\/\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:9\"><a href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\">9<\/a><\/sup>\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 AGMA \u0623\u0648 ISO\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 (AGMA)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0633 5 - \u0633 7<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0633 8 - \u0633 10<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0633 11 - \u0633 13<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u063314 - \u063315<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 (\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0631\u062c\u0629)\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0645\u0646. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c (\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643\u0629)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0644\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.11-1524Single-vs-Double-Helical-Gear.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a: \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0643\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631. \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hobbing\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0628\u0646\u063a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:10\"><a href=\"#fn:10\" class=\"footnote-ref\">10<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a CNC \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0643\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d: \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u062f\u0631\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0641\u0642\u0637\u061f<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0639\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0639\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.10-1718Metal-Gears-With-Surface-Treatments.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0643\u0633\u0631. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Austenite\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:11\"><a href=\"#fn:11\" class=\"footnote-ref\">11<\/a><\/sup> \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0628\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0640<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647\u060c \u0646\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0642. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.10-1720Helical-Gears-Geometric-Design-Calculations.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 (\u0623) \u0625\u0644\u0649 (\u0628)\u060c \u0641\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0646\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627: \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 (i) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 (a). \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u03b2) \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 15 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u064830 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 (mt) \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/khkgears.net\/new\/gear_knowledge\/gear-nomenclature\/normal-module.html\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:12\"><a href=\"#fn:12\" class=\"footnote-ref\">12<\/a><\/sup> \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639. \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0634\u062f\u0643 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0643.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 AGMA \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0647. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.10-1721Steel-Helical-Gears-Heat-Treatment-Options.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\"><figcaption>\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u0623\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0645\u0646 1.5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2.0 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/h4>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a AGMA \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 <code>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fatigue_limit\">\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:13\"><a href=\"#fn:13\" class=\"footnote-ref\">13<\/a><\/sup> \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">AISI 4140<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">AISI 8620<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">AISI 9310<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f. \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.11-1527Precision-Gears-and-Components.webp\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0641\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 (\"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0628\u0629\").<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0643\u0633\u0631.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.11-1530Precision-Machined-Gears.webp\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0635\u062d \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062f\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0634\u062f\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0643. \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 AGMA\/ISO<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 AGMA\/ISO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 AGMA\/ISO<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 AGMA\/ISO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 AGMA\/ISO<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 AGMA\/ISO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.10-1725Precision-Steel-Gears-Quality-Comparison.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 AGMA \u0623\u0648 ISO \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 AGMA 8 \u0625\u0644\u0649 AGMA 10 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 AGMA 12 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/khkgears.net\/new\/gear_knowledge\/abcs_of_gears-b\/gear_accuracy.html\">\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:14\"><a href=\"#fn:14\" class=\"footnote-ref\">14<\/a><\/sup>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 2000 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a AGMA<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">6 \u2013 8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">8 \u2013 10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">9 \u2013 11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">11 \u2013 13+<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u061f \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a AGMA \u0623\u0648 ISO. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0643 \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062b\u0645\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 AGMA 9 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 AGMA 10 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b\".<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0643. 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/contact\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PTSMAKE-Inquiry-image-1500.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 - PTSMAKE\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"footnotes\">\n<hr \/>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn:1\">\n<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621.<a href=\"#fnref1:1\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:2\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<a href=\"#fnref1:2\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:3\">\n<p>\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644.<a href=\"#fnref1:3\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:4\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<a href=\"#fnref1:4\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:5\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 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id=\"fn:13\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0643.<a href=\"#fnref1:13\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:14\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<a href=\"#fnref1:14\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Designing helical gears can feel overwhelming when you&#8217;re staring at complex formulas and geometric relationships. Many engineers struggle with translating theoretical knowledge into practical designs that actually work in real applications. Helical gears are spiral-toothed gears that provide smoother operation, higher load capacity, and reduced noise compared to spur gears, making them ideal for high-performance [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11239,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"The Practical Ultimate Guide to Helical Gears Design","_seopress_titles_desc":"Master helical gear design with practical steps for smoother operation & higher load capacity. Ideal for high-performance applications.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11185","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gear"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11185","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11185"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11185\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11251,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11185\/revisions\/11251"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11239"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11185"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11185"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11185"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}