{"id":11036,"date":"2025-09-10T20:08:51","date_gmt":"2025-09-10T12:08:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/?p=11036"},"modified":"2025-09-10T20:20:09","modified_gmt":"2025-09-10T12:20:09","slug":"the-practical-ultimate-guide-to-driving-gear-design","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/the-practical-ultimate-guide-to-driving-gear-design\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641. \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-2025Types-of-Gears.webp\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 22 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-2100Precision-Gears.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\"><figcaption>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0643\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/khkgears.net\/new\/gear_knowledge\/gear-nomenclature\/pitch-circle.html\">\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:1\"><a href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\">1<\/a><\/sup>\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0640 <strong>\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/strong> \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">4:1<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 4 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">4 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u0646\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1:1<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1:4<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">4 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 4 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a 14.5 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u064820 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u064825 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">14.5\u00b0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">20\u00b0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">25\u00b0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-1541Driving-Gears-With-Different-Pressure-Angles.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/line-of-action.com\/\">\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:2\"><a href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\">2<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 14.5 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 25 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 14.5 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 25 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f (\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0623<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0643.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 (\u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631) \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 M4)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 M1)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0640<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-1543Precision-Gears-With-Different-Tooth-Sizes.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0631. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 <code>\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/code> \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631. \u0641\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644. \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 <strong>\u064a\u062c\u0628<\/strong> \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f 1<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f 2<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">M2.0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">M2.0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">M2.0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">M2.5<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">24 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">24 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">24 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">20 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.geartechnology.com\/conjugate-gears\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:3\"><a href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\">3<\/a><\/sup>. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u062f\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u063a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629. \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-2027Precision-Metal-Gears.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646. \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u063a\u0637\u0649.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646. \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thermal_expansion\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:4\"><a href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\">4<\/a><\/sup> \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">100 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (212 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">~0.12% \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">100 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (212 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">~0.23% \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 1.0 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">&lt; 1.0<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1.2 \u2013 1.4<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">&gt; 1.6<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.10-2018Precision-Gear-Mechanism.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062c\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631. \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0646\" \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cadence.com\/en_US\/home\/explore\/what-is-meshing.html\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:5\"><a href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\">5<\/a><\/sup> \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0638\u0627\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646<\/h4>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062b\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 (&lt;1.4)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (&gt; 1.6)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0644\u0633 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0628\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644: \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u062b\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-1548Damaged-Gear-Teeth-Failure-Examples.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\"><figcaption>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b\u0647. \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u0626 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/strong>\u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064a. \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a. \u064a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0621 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0631)<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.lib.purdue.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1679&amp;context=icec\">\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:6\"><a href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\">6<\/a><\/sup>. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0641\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0631)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 (\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u0627\u062f\u062d. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0639\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0635\u0648\u062a \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0642\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0646.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-2109Precision-Gear-Assembly.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/khkgears.net\/new\/gear_knowledge\/gear-nomenclature\/operating-pressure-angle.html\">\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:7\"><a href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\">7<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0646. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c. \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-2107Precision-Gear-Assembly.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064f\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0632\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/khkgears.net\/new\/gear_knowledge\/gear-nomenclature\/pitch-circle.html\">\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:8\"><a href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\">8<\/a><\/sup>. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0637\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u064f\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0643. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636. \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0646\u061f \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0646\u061f \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u061f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-2104Different-Gear-Types.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\"><figcaption>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631. \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 90 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629. \u0625\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/pitch%20surface\">\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:9\"><a href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\">9<\/a><\/sup> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064d<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0632\u060c \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0634\u0637\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0643.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0643.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0643.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.10-2019Gear-Comparison.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u063a\u0648\u0635 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621 <code>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ksb.com\/en-global\/centrifugal-pump-lexicon\/article\/axial-thrust-1117296\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:10\"><a href=\"#fn:10\" class=\"footnote-ref\">10<\/a><\/sup>\u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0639\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u064a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 (98-99%)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644. \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b 90 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-2034Precision-Machined-Gears.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a. \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 90 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 100:1 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d. \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kinematics\">\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:11\"><a href=\"#fn:11\" class=\"footnote-ref\">11<\/a><\/sup> \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 90 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0639\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 90 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0631\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \"\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\" \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \"\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0629\" \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \"\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629\" \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\/\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d\u060c \u0648\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\/\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-1556Three-Types-Of-Gear-Train-Systems.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0631\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0631\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629: \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637. \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a <strong>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/nextgendiesel.com\/blogs\/transmissions-101\/torque-multiplication-factor-tmf?srsltid=AfmBOop81eie3ggHXtECpN6gKPK-5IZxpudQ8Sy8aQkMllhZySIArpvA\">\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:12\"><a href=\"#fn:12\" class=\"footnote-ref\">12<\/a><\/sup> \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0637\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 (\u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u060c \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a. \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-1558Planetary-Gear-System-Components.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Epicyclic_gearing\">\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:13\"><a href=\"#fn:13\" class=\"footnote-ref\">13<\/a><\/sup> \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c. \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0641<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062e\u0631\u062c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0648\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0641<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a - \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 - \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-2037Spur-Gears-Variety.webp\" alt=\"\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629-\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u062a)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629-\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629-\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tribology\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:14\"><a href=\"#fn:14\" class=\"footnote-ref\">14<\/a><\/sup> \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627: \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0639\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-2040Precision-Gear-Component.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0638\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Case-hardening\">\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:15\"><a href=\"#fn:15\" class=\"footnote-ref\">15<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0625\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-2041Precision-Gear-Component.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647. \u0641\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u062b\u0644 4140 \u0623\u0648 8620 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0634\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gdandtbasics.com\/profile-deviation-reporting\/\">\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:16\"><a href=\"#fn:16\" class=\"footnote-ref\">16<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 AGMA \u0623\u0648 ISO\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0647.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0628\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0643.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 AGMA\/ISO \u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>AGMA \u0648ISO \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>AGMA<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0632\u0648<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-2042Precision-Machined-Gears.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629\u061f \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644\u0647. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 AGMA \u0648ISO \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Involute_gear\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:17\"><a href=\"#fn:17\" class=\"footnote-ref\">17<\/a><\/sup>. \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 AGMA\/ISO<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 AGMA\/ISO<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 AGMA\/ISO<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4><strong>\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642. \u0633\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>AGMA \u0648ISO \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 <code>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/code>\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644. \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621.<\/td>\n<td>500 N<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>100 \u0645\u0645\u00b2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>5 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-1606Metallic-Driving-Gear-With-Detailed-Teeth.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 5 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/p>\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/servicefactor.com\/\">\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:18\"><a href=\"#fn:18\" class=\"footnote-ref\">18<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\". \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f. \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>1.2 \u2013 2.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>1.1 \u2013 1.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>1.25 \u2013 2.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u062b\u0645 \u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0634\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628. \u0623\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-1607Gear-Face-Width-Comparison-Analysis.webp\" alt=\"\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/dep.wv.gov\/WWE\/getinvolved\/sos\/Pages\/PollutantLoads.aspx\">\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:19\"><a href=\"#fn:19\" class=\"footnote-ref\">19<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0630\u0648 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 (\u0628) \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 (\u062f) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u0645). \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 (\u0628)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">8 &lt; \u0628\/\u0645 &lt; 16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628 &lt; 2 * \u062f (\u062a\u0631\u0633)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628 &lt;\u0644\/3 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0629)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u062a. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636)<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0644\u0641.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0634\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-2045Close-Up-Gear-Teeth.webp\" alt=\"\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628. \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 - \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 - \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u061f<\/h4>\n<p>\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648 <a href=\"https:\/\/gearsolutions.com\/departments\/tooth-tips\/internal-ring-gears-design-and-considerations\/\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:20\"><a href=\"#fn:20\" class=\"footnote-ref\">20<\/a><\/sup>. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0646\u062d\u0641\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0637\u064a\u062d\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 (NVH) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u062d\u0644 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/h3>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0624\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/ptsmake2025.09.08-1610Precision-Helical-Gear-With-Angled-Teeth.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.geartechnology.com\/conjugate-gears\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:21\"><a href=\"#fn:21\" class=\"footnote-ref\">21<\/a><\/sup>\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u061f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 PTSMAKE!<\/h2>\n<p>\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0639 PTSMAKE. \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f - \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u0644\u0646\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/contact\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PTSMAKE-Inquiry-image-1500.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 - PTSMAKE\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"footnotes\">\n<hr \/>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn:1\">\n<p>\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:1\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:2\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<a href=\"#fnref1:2\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:3\">\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:3\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:4\">\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:4\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:5\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:5\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:6\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0632\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<a href=\"#fnref1:6\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:7\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633.<a href=\"#fnref1:7\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:8\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:8\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:9\">\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<a href=\"#fnref1:9\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:10\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644.<a href=\"#fnref1:10\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:11\">\n<p>\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:11\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:12\">\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:12\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:13\">\n<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627.<a href=\"#fnref1:13\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:14\">\n<p>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a.<a href=\"#fnref1:14\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:15\">\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<a href=\"#fnref1:15\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:16\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644.<a href=\"#fnref1:16\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:17\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:17\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:18\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:18\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:19\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0647.<a href=\"#fnref1:19\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:20\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633.<a href=\"#fnref1:20\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:21\">\n<p>\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a.<a href=\"#fnref1:21\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Designing driving gears looks simple on paper, but one miscalculation can turn your precision machinery into a costly failure. Many engineers struggle with the gap between textbook theory and real-world application, leading to premature gear failures, excessive noise, or complete system breakdowns. A driving gear design guide provides systematic answers to critical questions covering gear [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11048,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"The Practical Ultimate Guide to Driving Gear Design","_seopress_titles_desc":"Unlock reliable gear systems with expert insights on materials, load calculations, and failure prevention. Transform theory into practice effortlessly.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11036","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gear"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11036","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11036"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11036\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11204,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11036\/revisions\/11204"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11048"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11036"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11036"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11036"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}