{"id":10467,"date":"2025-08-29T14:00:24","date_gmt":"2025-08-29T06:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/?p=10467"},"modified":"2025-08-29T14:00:24","modified_gmt":"2025-08-29T06:00:24","slug":"the-ultimate-guide-to-thread-tolerances-for-engineers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/the-ultimate-guide-to-thread-tolerances-for-engineers\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 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\u0628\u0647.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.29-1348Thread-Tolerance-Distribution.webp\" alt=\"\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646\"><figcaption>\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0631\u0623\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u061f \u0641\u064a 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\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0630\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 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left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1406Threaded-Machine-Parts-With-Precision-Threading.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dimensional_stability_(fabric)\">\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:1\"><a href=\"#fn:1\" class=\"footnote-ref\">1<\/a><\/sup> \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f\/\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0633\u064b\u0627. \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a: \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \"\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\" \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c \u062c\u0632\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1408Threaded-Bolt-And-Nut-Engagement.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 (\u0642\u0645\u0645\u0647\u0627) \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u062f\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galling\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:2\"><a href=\"#fn:2\" class=\"footnote-ref\">2<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u062d \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u062b\u0644 6g\/6H\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637. \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0623\u064a\u0646: \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0641. \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 6 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">4<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">6<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 (\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">8<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0634\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 'g') \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a). \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 'H') \u0647\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644).<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1409Thread-Tolerance-Classification-System.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\"><figcaption>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645) \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641) \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \"g\" \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cobanengineering.com\/Tolerances\/FundamentalDeviation.asp\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:3\"><a href=\"#fn:3\" class=\"footnote-ref\">3<\/a><\/sup> \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \"h\" \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>6 \u063a\u0645\/6 \u0647\u0640<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><code>6g<\/code> (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0644)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><code>6H<\/code> (\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>6 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\/6 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><code>6h<\/code> (\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><code>6H<\/code> (\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\/\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>4 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\/5 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><code>4h<\/code> (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><code>5H<\/code> (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u064d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 ISO \u0623\u0648 ASME\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0643\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1411Engineering-Standards-Blueprint-Documentation.webp\" alt=\"\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629. \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a M6 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637. \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ISO \u0623\u0648 ASME\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \"M6\" \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interchangeability\">\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:4\"><a href=\"#fn:4\" class=\"footnote-ref\">4<\/a><\/sup> \u0633\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0641\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0633\u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 ISO \u0648ASME \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649. \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a.<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0622\u0628. \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0648 <em>\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f<\/em> \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062f\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0648 <em>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f<\/em> \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647. \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \"\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\". \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gdandtbasics.com\/least-material-condition\/\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:5\"><a href=\"#fn:5\" class=\"footnote-ref\">5<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0637. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 15%.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0633\u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a (\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a (\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1414Threaded-Bolt-And-Nut-Assembly.webp\" alt=\"\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\"><figcaption>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644. \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631: \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0646\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0636\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stress_concentration\">\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:6\"><a href=\"#fn:6\" class=\"footnote-ref\">6<\/a><\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0642\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0647\u0645. \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644. \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0643\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0628\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0637 \"\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\" \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1415Precision-Threaded-Metal-Components-Manufacturing.webp\" alt=\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u061b \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/h4>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642. \u0641\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f <a href=\"https:\/\/knowledge.ceadgroup.com\/isotropic-and-anisotropic-behavior-of-materials\">\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:7\"><a href=\"#fn:7\" class=\"footnote-ref\">7<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644. \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0637 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 #1 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 #1<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 #500<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 #1000<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u062f. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0647\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621. \u0641\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a ISO \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f (UN\/UNF).<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 ISO \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 (UN\/UNF) \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642. \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a M8 x 1.25-6H. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0649 5\/16-18 UNC-2B.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0642\u0635\u0629. \"6H\" \u0648 \"2B\" \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0646 <code>\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/code>. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">6g<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">6H<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\/\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2A<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2B<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1417Metric-And-Unified-Threaded-Bolts-Comparison.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632<\/h3>\n<p>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 ISO \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\/\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a 1 \u06482 \u06483 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a 1 \u06482 \u06483 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 2 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 2B \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 ISO. \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 6H \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 ISO \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0640 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cobanengineering.com\/Tolerances\/FundamentalDeviation.asp\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:8\"><a href=\"#fn:8\" class=\"footnote-ref\">8<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1A\/1B (UNF)\u060c 7H\/7g (ISO)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0633\u0647\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0637\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2A\/2B (UNF)\u060c 6H\/6g (ISO)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">3A\/3B (UNF)\u060c 4H\/5g (ISO)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639). \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 ISO \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 <code>\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/code> \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 6H \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 2B). \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 - \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0643<\/h2>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 2A \u06482B \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 2A \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a). \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 2B \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629). \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>2A<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>2B<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1419Bolts-And-Nuts-Thread-Comparison.webp\" alt=\"\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a: \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 2A \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 2B. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/gagelist.com\/\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:9\"><a href=\"#fn:9\" class=\"footnote-ref\">9<\/a><\/sup> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0643<\/h3>\n<p>\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643. \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 2A\/2B \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 2A\/2B<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u061f \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c 2A \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u061f 2B \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u064b\u0627\u061f \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u062f\u0644 2A.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 2 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 2A \u06482B \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u0632\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 H7\/g6 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641. H7\/k6 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0647\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629. H7\/p6 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1420Precision-Metal-Shafts-With-Different-Tolerances.webp\" alt=\"\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c H7\/g6)<\/h4>\n<p>\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c H7\/k6)<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646. \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/tameson.com\/pages\/thread-tolerance-chart\">\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:10\"><a href=\"#fn:10\" class=\"footnote-ref\">10<\/a><\/sup> \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c H7\/\u06356)<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0633. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0636\u063a\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u062d7\/\u062c6<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u062d7\/\u06436<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u062d7\/\u06356<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0629. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637. \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0636\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a (\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">5-15<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">10-25<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">5-18<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1422Threaded-Bolts-With-Various-Coatings.webp\" alt=\"\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\"><figcaption>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0644 \u0644\u063a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0646\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u061f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 ISO \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0630\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \"h\" \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639. \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \"g\". \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mcgill.ca\/engineeringdesign\/step-step-design-process\/basics-graphics-communication\/principles-tolerancing\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:11\"><a href=\"#fn:11\" class=\"footnote-ref\">11<\/a><\/sup>\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \"g\" \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \"h\" \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 6 \u062d)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0641\u0631<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0632 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 6 \u062c\u0645)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627\/\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0640 6 \u062d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE<\/h4>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0641\u0633\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628. \u0648\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621. \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \"g\" \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\/\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 Go\/No-Go \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0635. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \"Go\" \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \"\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628\" \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1424Go-No-Go-Thread-Gauges.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 Go\/No-Go \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \"Go\" \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 (MMC). \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \"Go\" \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \"\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628\": \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \"\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628\" \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (LMC). \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0622\u0645\u0646. \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 <a href=\"https:\/\/byjus.com\/commerce\/taylor-principles-of-scientific-management\/\">\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0631<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:12\"><a href=\"#fn:12\" class=\"footnote-ref\">12<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0624\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u062c\u064a\u062f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 (MMC)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 (LMC)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \"Go\/No-Go\" \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628\" \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \"\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628\" \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a (\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\/\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">~23<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">~12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1425Different-Metal-Materials-For-Machining.webp\" alt=\"\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0640 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Galling\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:13\"><a href=\"#fn:13\" class=\"footnote-ref\">13<\/a><\/sup>\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u0646\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629. \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629. \u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0633\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637. \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649\u061f \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u061f \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 6g\/6H)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c 4g6g\/4H5H)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0628\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1427Thread-Tolerance-Selection-Guide-Components.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 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\u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u064d.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621\u061f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u064a\u0642. \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0643\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 <a href=\"https:\/\/asq.org\/quality-resources\/gage-repeatability?srsltid=AfmBOoqDHuUN3vAC5ut22Qay8Shyeo6XMwnFhj69QiOErfZFVgsWwrY5\">\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:14\"><a href=\"#fn:14\" class=\"footnote-ref\">14<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 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\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0633\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639. \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u064a\u0637 M8x1.25 \u00d7 1.25-6H<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00d810.00 \u062b\u0642\u0628 H7 H7<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\/\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00d825.00 \u062c\u06456 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628\/\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1428Precision-Measurement-Gauges-Collection.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\"><figcaption>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 1: \u0641\u0643 \u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621<\/h4>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644. \u0646\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633. \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 2: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d\u060c \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\/\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 3: \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.checkplug.com\/\">\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0633<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:15\"><a href=\"#fn:15\" class=\"footnote-ref\">15<\/a><\/sup>. \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 4: \u0627\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633. \u0641\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0637\u0629. \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0631. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0636. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 2% \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 5% \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Metrology\">\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:16\"><a href=\"#fn:16\" class=\"footnote-ref\">16<\/a><\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0646<\/th>\n<th>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b &lt; 2%<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 &gt; 5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0647\u062c\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<th>\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c ISO 2768-c)<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c ISO 2768-m)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c ISO 2768-f)<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1432Precision-Aluminum-Brackets-And-Supports.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Interchangeability\">\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:17\"><a href=\"#fn:17\" class=\"footnote-ref\">17<\/a><\/sup> \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<th>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 ISO \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629<\/td>\n<td>IT12 - IT14<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>IT9 - IT11<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639<\/td>\n<td>IT6 - IT7<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639<\/td>\n<td>IT5 - IT6<\/td>\n<td>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u062d\u0651\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626.<\/h2>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064b. \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629: \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a. \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062e\u0637 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u062f\u062d\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1433Damaged-Aluminum-Threaded-Component-Analysis.webp\" alt=\"\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\"><figcaption>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642: \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637. \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a. \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0628<\/h4>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642. \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Thermal_expansion\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:18\"><a href=\"#fn:18\" class=\"footnote-ref\">18<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u0634\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0644) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644.<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645.<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0641\u0633\u062f\u062a \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645. \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 UNJF\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 2 \u0623\/2 \u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 3 \u0623\/3 \u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \/ \u0625\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0632\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629\/\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0627\u0641<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1435Aerospace-Titanium-Bolts-With-Precision-Threads.webp\" alt=\"\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629\"><figcaption>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 UNJF\u061f \u062d\u0631\u0641 \"J\" \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 UN \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0644. \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 UNJF \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 <code>\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/code>. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 3A\/3B. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 2A\/2B \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fretting\">\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:19\"><a href=\"#fn:19\" class=\"footnote-ref\">19<\/a><\/sup>\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1A\/1B<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0642\u0630\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2 \u0623\/2 \u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">3 \u0623\/3 \u0628<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u063a\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0637 UNJF\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 <code>\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/code>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646.<\/p>\n<h2>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629. \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647. \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">NPTF (Dryseal)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 SAE O-\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0641 O<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1436High-Pressure-Hydraulic-Fitting-Thread-Connection.webp\" alt=\"\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\"><figcaption>\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0643 \u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643. \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628: \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 SAE O- Boss<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0633\u0623\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 SAE (ORB). \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 NPTF \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 ORB \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 O. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 O \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 O \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deformation_(engineering)\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:20\"><a href=\"#fn:20\" class=\"footnote-ref\">20<\/a><\/sup> \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 316<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">316 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062c\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 316. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644.<\/p>\n<h4>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a ORB\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062e\u062a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d. \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627.<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649<\/h3>\n<p>\u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">3<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1438Failed-Bolt-Inspection-Batch-Analysis.webp\" alt=\"\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\"><figcaption>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0646\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0646\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0633\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bcepi.com\/fasteners-101\/the-importance-of-pitch-diameter-for-threaded-fasteners\">\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:21\"><a href=\"#fn:21\" class=\"footnote-ref\">21<\/a><\/sup> \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 - \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f - \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \"\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628\"\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644. \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0628\u0636\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0630\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u062e\u0631\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u064a \"\u0644\u0627\". \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\/\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0641\u0634\u0644<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 Go Gauge \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0643<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr \/>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1440Thread-Gauge-Inspection-Setup.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\"><figcaption>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 ASME B1.2 \u0648ISO 1502 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \"\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\".<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637. \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bcepi.com\/fasteners-101\/the-importance-of-pitch-diameter-for-threaded-fasteners\">\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:22\"><a href=\"#fn:22\" class=\"footnote-ref\">22<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a)<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0627\u064b. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a. \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0631. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a (AM) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631. \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<h3>\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064a \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643\/\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1441Precision-Threaded-Bolts-And-Nuts.webp\" alt=\"\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637. \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628. \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641<\/h3>\n<h4>\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646. \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 AM\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h4>\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0634\u0646\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anisotropy\">\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:23\"><a href=\"#fn:23\" class=\"footnote-ref\">23<\/a><\/sup> \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0639 AM \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0646<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0634\u0631\u062d \"6g\" \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \"6h\" \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642! \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629: \"6g\" \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \"6h\". \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0643\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3>\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0637 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \"h\" \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \"g\". \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0629. \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627\u061f \u0633\u0646\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/th>\n<th>\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>6h<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>6g<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n<p><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/ptsmake2025.08.18-1443Thread-Tolerance-Comparison-6g-Versus-6h.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\"><figcaption>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 6g \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 6h<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h3>\"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\" \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629\u061f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \"6g\". \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f: \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \"6h\". \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064d \u0622\u062e\u0631\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\" \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a PTSMAKE \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mcgill.ca\/engineeringdesign\/step-step-design-process\/basics-graphics-communication\/principles-tolerancing\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/a><sup id=\"fnref1:24\"><a href=\"#fn:24\" class=\"footnote-ref\">24<\/a><\/sup>. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \"h\"\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \"g\"\u060c \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td>6h<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064b\u0627.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td>6g<\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/td>\n<td>6g<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u0633\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \"6h\" \u0647\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b. \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 '6g' \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 PTSMAKE<\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u061f \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 PTSMAKE \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 - \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 B2B \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 PTSMAKE \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/contact\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PTSMAKE-Inquiry-image-1500.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 - PTSMAKE\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"footnotes\">\n<hr \/>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"fn:1\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:1\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:2\">\n<p>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0644.<a href=\"#fnref1:2\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:3\">\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647.<a href=\"#fnref1:3\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:4\">\n<p>\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064b\u0627.<a href=\"#fnref1:4\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:5\">\n<p>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 LMC \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0643.<a href=\"#fnref1:5\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:6\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627.<a href=\"#fnref1:6\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:7\">\n<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:7\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:8\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a.<a href=\"#fnref1:8\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:9\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:9\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:10\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a 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\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<a href=\"#fnref1:18\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:19\">\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647.<a href=\"#fnref1:19\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:20\">\n<p>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<a href=\"#fnref1:20\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:21\">\n<p>\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<a href=\"#fnref1:21\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:22\">\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<a href=\"#fnref1:22\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:23\">\n<p>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621.<a href=\"#fnref1:23\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:24\">\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642.<a href=\"#fnref1:24\" rev=\"footnote\" class=\"footnote-backref\">\u21a9<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Engineers know thread tolerances matter, but most struggle with selecting the right specifications. Wrong choices lead to assembly failures, production delays, and costly rework that could have been avoided with proper understanding. Thread tolerances define the acceptable dimensional limits for threaded fasteners, ensuring proper fit and function between mating parts while accounting for manufacturing variations. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10446,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"The Ultimate Guide to Thread Tolerances for Engineers","_seopress_titles_desc":"Avoid costly rework with our Thread Tolerance Guide. Understand dimensional limits for seamless assembly and enhanced production efficiency.","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10467","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-design"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10467","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10467"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10467\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10653,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10467\/revisions\/10653"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10446"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10467"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10467"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptsmake.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10467"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}